Genetics Thursday Exam Problems Flashcards
(19 cards)
Uptake and Expression of extracellular ‘naked’ DNA by a cell
Transformation
Production of mRNA from DNA
Transcription
Crossover between non homologous chromesomes
Translocation
Mutation involving a substitution of a purine with a purine
Transition
Production of a protein from mRNA
Translation
Viral mediated transfer of the virus’ host genes between host individuals
Transduction
Mutation involving the substitution of a purine with a pyrimidine
Transversion
Having three copies of every chromosome
Triploid
Structural isomers that differ only in the position of a proton
Tautomer
Being diploid, except having three copies of one chromosome
Trisomy
What did Cairns do?
Used E. Coli to to show the bidirectional nature of DNA replication, using autoradiographs as synthesis was occurring
What did Meselson and Stahl do?
Show semiconservative replication using 14N and 15N DNA and then doing a CsCl density gradient centrifugation
What did Kornberg do?
Demonstrated the 3’ building nature of DNA pol using a MgCl2 buffer, a DNA template and primer were required for it to work
What did Crick do?
Showed that the reading frame for all the codons of a gene is determined by the first codon using the T4 virus mutation and acridine dyes
What is the purpose of a telomere loop?
prevent damage to the end of the chromosome
What is the Hayflick limit?
50 cell divisions, then the end of the telomere will run out
What does satellite DNA do?
Extend the tandem repeat
What enzyme removes RNA primer?
DNA pol I
What enzyme joins the fragments?
Ligase
