Genetics Vocab 2

Question 1

Binds to origin and separates strands of DNA to initiate replication

Answer 1

initiator protein

Question 2

unwinds DNA at replication fork

Answer 2

DNA helicase

Question 3

Attach to single-stranded DNA and prevent secondary structures from forming

Answer 3

Single stranded binding proteins

Question 4

Moves ahead of the replication fork, making and resealing breaks in the double helical DNA to release the torque that builds up as a result of unwinding at the replication fork

Answer 4

DNA gyrase

Question 5

Synthesizes a short RNA primer to provide a 3’-OH group for the attachment of DNA nucleotides

Answer 5

DNA primase

Question 6

Elongates a new nucleotide strand from the 3’

Answer 6

DNA polymerase III

Question 7

Removes RNA primers and replaces them with DNA

Answer 7

DNA polymerase I

Question 8

Joins Okazaki Fragments by sealing breaks in the sugar-phosphate backbone of newly synthesized DNA

Answer 8

DNA ligase

Question 9

bonds to origins to initiate DNA replication

Answer 9

Origin-recognition complex

Question 10

circular dna produces two DNA molecules

Answer 10

Theta Replication

Question 11

used to produce many DNA copies quickly

Answer 11

Rolling circle replication

Question 12

Terminal structures of eukaryotic cells that insure maintenance and replication of the ends of linear chromosome

Answer 12

telomeres

Question 13

synthesizing DNA from RNA

Answer 13

Reverse transcriptase - Telomerase

Question 14

complex of proteins binds telomeres to protect from degradation

Answer 14

Shelterin

Question 15

Exchange between homologous DNA molecules

Answer 15

homologous recombination

Question 16

DNA strands from different sources bas e pairing

Answer 16

Heteroduplex formation

Question 17

regions where homogenous chromosomes cross over

Answer 17

chiasmata

Question 18

resolves Holiday Junctions

Answer 18

resolvase

Question 19

DNA repair where they are glued back together by just ligase

Answer 19

Nonhomologous end joining