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Bio Examin s5 > Genetyka > Flashcards

Genetyka Flashcards

(23 cards)

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1
Q

Dziedziczenie Cech

A

Przekazywanie informacji genetycznych z rodzicow na potomstwo , co skutkuje podobienstwem cech u potomstwa

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2
Q

Ojciec genetyki

A

Gregor Mendel

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3
Q

Prawo dziedzicznosci

A

AA - Homozygota dominujaca
aa - homozygota recesywna
Aa - heterozygota

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4
Q

Allel

A

Odmiana genu
Np. gen - kolor oczu
allel - zielony

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5
Q

Genotyp

A

Geny osobnika
Np. Aa

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6
Q

Fenotyp

A

Cechy osobnika
Np. zielone oczy

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7
Q

Niepelna dominacja

A

Geny “mieszajace” sie zamiast dominowac

Np. Czarny + Fioletowy ≠ Czarny
Czarny + Fioletowy = ciemny fioletowy

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8
Q

Mutacje

A

-Powody chorob genetycznych
-Zmiana dna –> zmiana innego aminokwasu –> zmiana bialka –> zmiana cechy organizmu

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9
Q

Typy mutacji

A

-Genowe
-Chromosonowe

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10
Q

Mutacje Genowe

A
  • Zmiana w genach osobnika –> Zmiana nukleotydow , aminokwasow , bialka i cech
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11
Q

Mutacje chromosonowe

A

Zmiana chromosonow , niepoprawna ilosc chromosonow w danym rzedzie

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12
Q

Choroby genetyczne (typy)

A

Dominujace / Autosomalne
Recysywne / sprzezone z plca

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13
Q

choroby genetyczne Dominujace

A

Rodzice sa chorzy (choroba

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14
Q

Dominujace

A

Rodzice sa chorzy

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15
Q

Recesywna

A

Choroba nie zalezy od plci

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16
Q

Autosomalna

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A

Rodzice sa zdrowi

17
Q

Sprzezona z Plcia

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A

choroba jest zalezna od plci

18
Q

Choroby Recesywne, autosomalne

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A

Albinism (brak melaniny)
Mulowistydkza (zbiera sluz w plucach)

19
Q

Kod genetyczny

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A

-Trojkowy
-Uniwersalny
-Jednoznaczny
-Zdegenerowany

20
Q

Trojkowy

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A

Kodon - koduje info o jednym aminokwasie np. 4 kodony

21
Q

Uniwersalny

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A

Wszystkie organizmy maja 1 ten sam kod

22
Q

Jednoznaczny

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A

TAC- tynozyna

23
Q

zdegenerowany

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A

444 = 64 kodony

Bio Examin s5 (2 decks)

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