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Flashcards in Genitourinary Deck (4)
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1
Q

Differential DIagnosis of haematuria

A

Favours urinary tract infection

  • dysuria
  • fever (prostatitis, pyelonephritis)
  • suprapubic pain (cystitis)
  • moderate flank or back pain (pyeloneprhitis)

Favours renal calculi: severe loin pain

Favours source not glomerular: clots in urine

Favours blood not in urine: menstruation

Favours IgA nephropathy: multiple episodes over months

Favours trauma

  • recent indwelling urinary catheter or procedure
  • recent back or abdominal injury

Favours bleeding disorder: use of anticoagulant drugs

2
Q

Risk factors for UTI

A
  • female sex
  • coitus
  • pregnancy
  • diabetes
  • indwelling urinary catheter
  • pervious UTI
  • lower urinary tract symptoms of obstruction
3
Q

Causes of established urinary incontinence

A
  • stress incontinence
  • urge incontinence
  • detrusor underactivity
  • overflow incontinence
  • vesico-urethral fistula
4
Q

Causes of Acute Kidney Injury

A

Onset over days

Prerenal

  • fluid loss
  • hypotension
  • renovascular disease
  • increased renal vascular resistance