geo 135

Question 1

Multiculturalism

Answer 1

The doctrine that many different cultures can and should coexist peacefully and equitably in the same place.

Question 2

Ethnicity

Answer 2

A group with a common origin and cultural tradition and cultural heart/homeland that exists within a host cultural.

Question 3

Nationality

Answer 3

A group of people who share a legan attachment and/or personal allegiance to a particular country.

Question 4

Race

Answer 4

An artificial classification based on minor biological/genetic differences.

Question 5

Acculturation VS Assimilation

Answer 5

Acculturation - A group change enough to function within a host society.
Assimilation- A complete blending with the host society (united state and canada.)

Question 6

Tossed Salad/Stew/Melting Pot

Answer 6

TS - Bunch of different cultures being put together. Do not merge into a single homogeneous culture.
S- The idea each culture is still its own, however taking adaptations from other cultures around them. More alike than the tossed salad.
Melting Pot- Different cultures come together and blend as one homogeneous culture.

Question 7

Does racism still exist in the US?

Answer 7

Yes.

Question 8

Characteristics of the Region (Latin America)

Answer 8

Ethnicity and Diversity - Mixed ethnicities
Language - Spanish, portuguese, dutch, english. CREOLE: Mixture of native and new languages.
Religion -Christian, indigenous.
Population Distribution - inland, primate city- overwhelming impact.

Question 9

Colonization

Answer 9

The pattern of one country asserting power in establishing a reliance abroad to increase economic power and wealth back home.

Question 10

Imperialism

Answer 10

expansion of a countries territory over another, often an unequal relationship centered on domination,

Question 11

Development

Answer 11

The process of improving the conditions of people usually economically, through diffusion of knowledge, technology and finance.

Question 12

LDC vs MDC vs Global South

Answer 12

LDC - are a group of countries that have been classified by the UN as “least developed” in terms of their low gross national income (GNI), their weak human assets and their high degree of economic vulnerability
MDC -have post-industrial economies, meaning the service sector provides more wealth than the industrial sector.
GS - refers to the countries of the rest of the world, most of which are located in the Southern Hemisphere. It includes both countries with medium human development (88 countries with an HDI less than .8 and greater than .5) and low human development (32 countries with an HDI of less than .5).

Question 13

Postcolonialism

Answer 13

Study of impacts of colonialism.

Question 14

Neocolonialism

Answer 14

the use of economic, political, cultural, or other pressures to control or influence other countries, especially former dependencies.

Question 15

Globalization

Answer 15

increase linkage between cultures breaking down traditional barriers and making traditional borders less meaningless.

Question 16

Nation

Answer 16

A group of people who share a common cultural background and history

Question 17

State

Answer 17

A legalized territory with an effective independent system of government.

Question 18

Nation- State

Answer 18

. Political unit in which the
people (the nation) are unified
under a similar heritage or
culture and are under a unified
common government (the
state).

Question 19

Doctrine of First Effective Settlement

Answer 19

1st culture to effectively dominate an area will have the longest lasting effects on it.

Question 20

Boundary

Answer 20

A thin vertical plane with no width that separates two territories.

Question 21

Stages of boundary creation

Answer 21

4 Processes

1. description (or definition)
2. delimitation (official mapping)
3. Demarcation (physical implementation)
4. administration (maintenance)

Question 22

Three Morphological Types of boundaries

Answer 22

1. Mathematical/geometric boundaries - straight or curved lines
2. physiographic (natural) boundaries - lakes and oceans, exx. the ohio river
3. Ethnographic/Anthropogenic boundaries - drawn with respect to cultural things. or language.

Question 23

Three Evolutionary Boundaries

Answer 23

1. Antecedent - drawn before they settle
2. Subsequent - after cultures plant themselves in place, after wars
3. superimposed - outside power stating the boundaries they want to see. ex africa
4. Relic - Ancient boundaries, does not function anymore still see if though. Ex. Great wall of china.

Question 24

Centripetal Forces VS Centrifugal Froces

Answer 24

Centripetal - An attribute, or an object or influence that unifies people, nation, or state.
Centrifugal - Attributes, objects or influence that ten to disrupt a state, or tear people apart.

Question 25

Raison d'etre

Answer 25

"reason for being" | an idea or ideology, common purpose that binds people together.

Question 26

Iconography

Answer 26

Symbol. Ex. flag, effel tower, etc.

Question 27

Roma People

Answer 27

- Live in a first world country in third world conditions. - Live 15 years less than Europeans - Have segregated schools - Most are not registered as citizen - Don't have a land the call their own so they are spread across many states. Losing their identity. - Some women joined European console and got in parliament.

Question 28

Post-colonialism in Europe

Answer 28

"More than any other region, Europe has shaped the human geography of the modern world." Example, Denmark, london bombings 2005, swiss mosques, paris attacks january 7th 2015.

Question 29

Supernational Organizations

Answer 29

Unification of several states/nations into a group that carries out government function and economic roles that group of states/nation.....United Nations. NATO.

Question 30

Sea level rise in the Pacific

Answer 30

- half the population is crammed onto one island - dont have a lot of drinking water - land and resources are scarce. - people are losing their homes and being forced to leave because of the sea level rising.

Question 31

Russia and its many names

Answer 31

- Russia, Russia and the near abroad, Post Soviet Region, Russia and its Neighbor, USSR, Sphere of Influence.

Question 32

USSR

Answer 32

Union Soviet Socialist Republics.

Question 33

Empire Influence

Answer 33

- Iron Curtain - Enemy - Warsaw Pact, counter of NATO - Spheres of Influence, satellite states - Eastern Bloc/Communist Bloc

Question 34

Blakanization

Answer 34

Named after geographic feature peninsula | - Fragmentation of region into smaller, other hostile political units (the process)

Question 35

Shatterbelt

Answer 35

A region where boundaries have been redrawn many times (pattern)

Question 36

Ethnic Conflict

Answer 36

1 Understanding the conflict 2 desire for autonomy 3 supremacy 4 fear of oppression

Question 37

Ethnic Cleansing

Answer 37

The process where a more powerful ethnicity removes a less powerful ethnicity in order to create an ethnically homogenous region.

Question 38

Yugoslavia VS Switzerland

Answer 38

``` Yugoslavia - Joseph Tito, leader, all hell broke lose after death. - many empires - 5 nationalities - 4 languages - 3 religions - 2 alphabets Switzerland - 4 nationalities - 3 religions - Neutral stance in war - no empire -most peaceful country in the world ```

Question 39

Yugoslavia and Switzerland diffencerce.

Answer 39

Neutrality, money, ecology. Also because of the empire and physical geography has had an influence too.

Question 40

Roles of boundaries in states/nations

Answer 40

States - distinguish authority economic resources and identity Nations - protection and separates values.

Question 41

Functions of ethnic groups

Answer 41

- still exist - keepers of traditions - political power base - business success - friendship/marriage