GEO 215 Exam 2

Question 1

A =

Answer 1

Tropical

Question 2

B =

Answer 2

Dry

Question 3

C =

Answer 3

Subtropical (Daytona)

Question 4

D =

Answer 4

Continental

Question 5

E =

Answer 5

Polar

Question 6

AF =

Answer 6

Constantly rainy, examples: tropical rain forest

Question 7

AM =

Answer 7

Monsoon Example wet season and dry seasons.

Question 8

AW =

Answer 8

Dry cool season, rainy warm season, Example Tropical Savanna

Question 9

BS =

Answer 9

Semiarid (slightly rainy season)

Question 10

BW =

Answer 10

Arid (desert)

Question 11

CF =

Answer 11

Constant/even precipitation (Humid subtropical)

Question 12

CS =

Answer 12

Dry warm season, wet cool season (Mediterranean)

Question 13

CW =

Answer 13

dry cool season, warm wet season (rainy season and a very dry season)

Question 14

DF =

Answer 14

Constant/even precipitation (Humid continental)

Question 15

DW =

Answer 15

Dry cool season, wet warm season (continental/subarctic monsoon)

Question 16

ET =

Answer 16

Tundra

Question 17

EF =

Answer 17

ice cap

Question 18

What affects soil formation?

Answer 18

• Parent material -Climate of area - gravity, erosion - plants and animals

Question 19

Laterization

Answer 19

• Tropical areas
• Soils deep
• Nutrient poor
• Red color

Question 20

Salinization:

Answer 20

• Hot dry areas
• Salty soil
• Crackly and dry

Question 21

Calcification:

Answer 21

• Like salinization but more precipitation
• Great Plains area

Question 22

Podzolization:

Answer 22

• Cool and rainy
• Pacific Northwest
• Acidic and nutrient poor

Question 23

Gleization:

Answer 23

• Very cold locations
• Tundra
• No evaporation or runoff

Question 24

Igneous rocks:

Answer 24

• When lava cools as it reches Earth’s surface.
• Granite
• Cools quickly - fine grained, smoother appearance
• Cools slowly – coarse-grained, specked appearance (granite countertop)
• Lighter color - felsic
• Darker – mafic

Question 25

Sedimentary rocks:

Answer 25

* Many layers of sediment moved to a location by wind or water and compacted over time. * Soft * Great Plains * Limestone

Question 26

Metamorphic rocks:

Answer 26

* Eposed to extreme pressure/chemical reactions that changed them.

Question 27

Continental Drift theory:

Answer 27

* Continents drift over time * Alfred Wegener 1912

Question 28

Types of plate boundaries:

Answer 28

Tectonic, divergent, convergent, transform.

Question 29

Tectonic Plates:

Answer 29

* Constantly moving * Faults (crust breaks and moves) form here

Question 30

Divergent Boundaries:

Answer 30

Two plates moving apart due to tension stress of molten moving up. Normal faults (hanging wall slips down along foot wall)

Question 31

Convergent Boundaries:

Answer 31

Two plates move toward one another, compression stress.

Question 32

Ocean-Continent Convergence:

Answer 32

Plates sink (subduction)

Question 33

Ocean-Ocean convergence:

Answer 33

Form islands (Alaska’s)

Question 34

Continent-Continent Convergence:

Answer 34

 Reverse faults  Mountain ranges form (Himalayas)

Question 35

Transform Boundaries:

Answer 35

* Plates move past laterally * Shear stress * Strike slip

Question 36

Faults: Folding:

Answer 36

deformation to crust in response to stress.

Question 37

Faults: Anticlines:

Answer 37

upfolds and produce ridges.

Question 38

Synclines:

Answer 38

downfolds that produce valleys.

Question 39

Volcanoes:

Answer 39

* Form in subduction zones or hot stoops o Hot spots: magma rising up

Question 40

* Felsic magma:

Answer 40

doesn’t flows, explosive eruptions

Question 41

* Mafic magma:

Answer 41

flows, weak eruptions

Question 42

Shield Volcanoes:

Answer 42

* Sloped volcanoes * Mafic magma * Weak explosions

Question 43

Composite Volcanoes: (Stratovolcanoes)

Answer 43

* Large big explosions * Felsic magma

Question 44

Physical Weathering:

Answer 44

* Disintegration of rocks without any change in rocks chemical compostion. * Done by water, salt, exfoliation.

Question 45

Chemical weathering:

Answer 45

* Chemical alternation * Oxidation

Question 46

Biological Weathering:

Answer 46

* Weaken over time.

Question 47

Rockfalls:

Answer 47

* High speed, low moisture, falling of rocks downslope.

Question 48

Landslides:

Answer 48

instant collapse of slopes moving across flat sliding planes.

Question 49

Slumps:

Answer 49

collapse of a slope with rotation along curved sliding planes.

Question 50

Mudflow:

Answer 50

water-logged material flows rapidly through drainage after rain.

Question 51

Earthflow:

Answer 51

water-saturated slopes shift downhill a short distance some time after rain.

Question 52

Soil Creeps:

Answer 52

gradual downhill movements of soil and regolith of an entire slope.

Question 53

Cirriform clouds

Answer 53

are thin and wispy, and exist at high altitudes. Cirrus clouds are a specific example.

Question 54

Stratiform clouds

Answer 54

are wider than they are tall and are usually closer to the ground. Think of a gray, cloudy day. Stratus clouds are a specific example.

Question 55

Cumuliform clouds

Answer 55

are puffy and taller than they are wide. Cumulus and cumulonimbus clouds are examples.

Question 56

Nimbo- or -nimbus

Answer 56

is a Latin root that means rain or precipitation. You often see this with various cloud types (cumulonimbus or nimbostratus for example).