Geo- Agriculture Flashcards
(24 cards)
What are the three types of economic activities
Primary, Secondary and Tertiary
What are primary activities? Give examples
Activities related to the production and extraction of natural resources. Examples- Agriculture and fishing.
What are secondary activities? Give examples
Those that process the products and resources supplied by the primary activities. Examples- Manufacturing of steel mined from ores, baking of bread made from flour which is made from wheat, and weaving of cloth (with the fibres acquired from plants and animals.
What are tertiary activities? Give examples
Tertiary activities provide support to the primary and secondary sectors through services that include banking, insurance, trade and advertising.
What is agriculture? What type of economic activity is it?
Agriculture is the practice of growing crops, fruits, vegetables and flowers, and rearing livestock. it is a primary activity
What factors are essential for agriculture?
Favourable topography of soil, climate and arable land are needed for agriculture. the right rainfall is also needed, though that varies based on which crop is being grown.
define sericulture?
Rearing of silkworms for commercial use/to sell their silk
define Pisciculture
Breeding of fish in specially constructed tanks
define viticulture
cultivation of grapes
define horticulture
growing vegetables, flowers and fruits to sell/for commercial use
How is farming a system?
Farming can be considered a system as it has an input which includes machinery, seeds and chemicals, process which includes ploughing and sowing the seeds, and an output which is the crops produced by the process with the resources from the input.
What are the inputs in farming?
The human inputs in farming are labour, chemicals and machinery. The physical/natural inputs are sunshine, rain and soil
What are the two main types of farming? Define both in brief.
The two main types of farming include subsistence farming and commercial farming. Subsistence farming is done to meet the needs of the farmer’s family, and as such the crops, fruits and vegetables cultivated are used to feed them. It can be divided into primitive and intensive subsistence agriculture.
Commercial farming is done to sell the fruits, crops and vegetables cultivated. It can be divided into mixed farming, grain farming and plantation. it needs a large amount of land and capital investment
What is intensive subsistence agriculture?
A type of subsistence agriculture, in intensive subsistence agriculture the farmer grows crops on a small plot of land with more labour and very simple tools. Climate with a large number of days with sunshine and some fertile soil is required. Rice, wheat, maize and pulses are generally grown.
What is primitive subsistence agriculture? Define shifting cultivation
Primitive subsistence agriculture is a type of subsistence agriculture, i.e. the products of the farm are grown and used to feed the farmer’s family. It’s two types are nomadic herding and shifting cultivation.
In shifting cultivation, a plot of land is cleared by cutting and burning all the trees, mixing their ashes with soil and growing crops, fruits and vegetables on it. After the soil loses it’s fertility, the farmer moves on to another plot of land. This is practiced in areas with heavy rainfall, leading to quick regeneration of vegetation.
Define nomadic herding
Nomadic herding is a type of subsistence agriculture. It is practiced in areas too arid to support much vegetation and as such, farmers in these areas resort to rearing cattle. Farmers move from place to place with their cattle, in search of water and food. Sheep, yalk, and camels are reared due to providing the most benefit through milk, meat and wool.
state the requirements for rice
basically, wet. rice needs high humidity, rainfall and temperature, also alluvial soil which retains water
state the requirements for wheat
basically, average. moderate temp, rainfall and lots of sunshine, also loamy soil.
state the requirements for millets
basically, dry. low rainfall, high temperature, also sandy/less fertile soil
state the requirements for maize
basically, average. moderate temp, rainfall lots of sunshine and fertile soil.
state the requirements for cotton
basically, quirky. high temp, light rainfall, 210 frost-free days and bright sunshine, also black soil
state the requirements for jute
basically, wet. heavy rainfall, humid climate, alluvial soil, high temp
state the requirements for coffee
warm and wet climate, loamy soil, slopes
state the requirements for tea
cool climate, high rainfall
