geo assessment 3 Flashcards
(34 cards)
Q: What is Bangkok’s metro population in 2025 and growth trend?
A: 11.39 million in 2025 (↑1.41% from 2024). Has grown steadily ~1.5% annually since 2022.
Q: Describe Bangkok’s urban extent.
A: Centered on the Chao Phraya River delta; sprawls into 5 surrounding provinces. 14.5 million people in the broader BMR.
Q: What is the urban form of Bangkok?
A: Dense high-rise clusters along the river; sprawling peri-urban areas with gated communities and 1,500 informal settlements.
Q: What drove Bangkok’s rapid population growth from 2000–2010?
A: Rural-to-urban migration—accounted for ~30% of growth.
Q: What is the age demographic trend in Bangkok?
A: 15% of residents aged 60+; ageing trend increasing dependency ratio (55% projected by 2035).
Q: How has Bangkok’s economy shifted?
A: Moved from manufacturing to services & tourism. Informal sector generates ~57% of Thailand’s GDP.
Q: What is the social transformation occurring in central Bangkok?
A: Gentrification in Sukhumvit and Riverside areas—displacing low-income groups.
Q: How is Bangkok globally connected?
A: 4.5M annual passengers at Suvarnabhumi Airport. Regional HQ for MNCs and ASEAN Secretariat.
Q: What proportion of Bangkok’s population lives in slums?
A: 20% (~1.05 million people), often in canal and rail-side areas.
Q: How does income inequality manifest in Bangkok?
A: Top 10% earn 14x more than bottom 10%. Services vary by wealth.
Q: How does overcrowding affect liveability?
A: Density: 5,300/km². Results in housing shortages, limited personal space, and mental stress.
Q: What are the challenges faced by migrants in Bangkok?
A: Lack proper registration, limited access to healthcare, informal employment.
Q: What causes Bangkok’s air pollution crisis?
A: PM2.5 exceeds WHO limits due to traffic, construction, industrial zones, and crop burning.
Q: How is climate change threatening Bangkok?
A: City is sinking 1.5–2 cm/year. Combined with sea level rise, 40% may flood by 2050.
Q: What is the urban heat island effect in Bangkok?
A: City is 5–7°C hotter than surrounding rural areas, increasing energy use and heat illness.
Q: How effective is Bangkok’s waste management?
A: Produces 10,000+ tonnes/day. Less than 20% of waste is recycled.
Q: How much green space does Bangkok have?
A: Only 3 m²/person—well below WHO’s 9 m² minimum.
Q: What is the cost of living like in Bangkok?
A: Non-rent expenses: ฿22,000/month. Rent: ฿12,000–22,000. 25%+ of people face housing stress.
Q: How prevalent is informal employment in Bangkok?
A: Over 40% of the labour force—no job security or benefits.
Q: What infrastructure pressures exist?
A: Outdated power/water systems in poorer areas; congestion worsens with weak transport links.
Q: What is the impact of traffic congestion in Bangkok?
A: Drivers lose 61 hours/year. Only 9% live near rail. Commutes average 1.5+ hours/day.
Q: How has poor urban planning impacted Bangkok?
A: Unregulated sprawl, weak zoning, and construction without community input.
Q: What is the state of Bangkok’s urban infrastructure?
A: Aging and undermaintained, especially in older districts—e.g., drainage and bridges.
Q: What transport initiatives aim to improve mobility?
A: BTS extensions (Red Line), MRT Pink/Orange/Brown lines (100 km new track by 2027), cut 200k car trips/day.
