geo T 2

Question 1

what is a state

Answer 1

A state is a form of political and administrativw organization that governs qn independent terrotory.

Question 2

A state have three elements which are?

Answer 2

1- territory
2- state’s population
3- sovereignty

Question 3

What is a territory?

Answer 3

A territory is an area over which the state has power. It is separated by bourders that established the terr limits of its sovereignty

Question 4

What is the states population?

Answer 4

Has the right to nationality and citizens

Question 5

What is a sovereignty?

Answer 5

Is the right to make desitions for the population

Question 6

What are the state functions?

Answer 6

1) Look after population basic needs
2) Regulate labour relations through laws and employment policies
3) direct economic polocy and promote economic growth
4) Maintaine public order, enforce laws and defend the terr from foreign agressions
5) participate internationally in dif bodies establishing relations with other cointries

Question 7

Can states fail?

Answer 7

When a state cannot perform its own functions, it is called a failed state.

Question 8

What is a failed state?

Answer 8

that are unable to control their territory, defend the citizens and provide basic products

Question 9

How are states governed?

Answer 9

depend on ho is the header it can be democratic, hybrid, or non democratic regimes

Question 10

Explain the democratic regimes

Answer 10

Satates are democratic when citizens jave the right to vote freely.
There is a constitution.
The main institutions are not controlled by one perdon or group of people, there is separation of powers. the powers of the state are:
- legislative power
- executive power
- judicial power

Question 11

what is the constitution?

Answer 11

the basic law in the in most of the democratic countries and it is the basis for all the other laws.
Most constitutions also contains the rights and the duries of the citizenship

Question 12

What is the legislative power?

Answer 12

passes laws and oversees the goveenment

Question 13

What is the executive poqer?

Answer 13

governs the country through ministries and it aplies the laws and directa state gorenmwnt

Question 14

what is the judicial power?

Answer 14

is composed by judjes and courts which enforce laws

Question 15

depending on who is the head of the state it can be:

Answer 15

a monarchy - hereditary monarch
a republic - an elected president

Question 16

what are non democratic regimes?

Answer 16

• there are no institutions
• the power is held by one person or group of people
• separated powerd does not exist
• power does not change through elections
• citizens rights are no recognized
• there is no constitution this means that the laws and rules are crated to suit the interests of the ruling heads elite

Question 17

What are the hybrid regimes

Answer 17

Are also calles false democratic, due to:

there is a little electoral transparency, opponents to this type of goverments may be persecuted, there is not respect to citizens rights abd they manipulate the constitution to serve their interests

Question 18

What is spain?

Answer 18

Spain is a democracy with a descentralised structure and a tax system
spain is a parliament monarchy
the king is the highest authority but the power is held by people that is elected trouh elections
the constitutions also regulates the functioning od the state and its institutions. established according with the separation of powers:

• the cortes generales
• the government
• the courts of justicie

Question 19

What is les cortes generales?

Answer 19

is soains legislature whose membera are electes and it play a very important role in the polotical system

Question 20

What is a goverment?

Answer 20

it is rules by the prime misister who is elected by the congres of deputies
is the body responsable for administering the states power

• it directa domestic abd international policy
• propose draft laws
• aprove national butgets

Question 21

What are the courts of justicie?

Answer 21

they enforce laws amoung the institutions and the cotizens

Question 22

Spain also is a descentralised state…

Answer 22

spain is also a descentralised state and with a descentralised structure
it is divided into autonomus communities with two autonomous communities ceuta i melilla

below the AC are thw provinces which are admistared by provincial councils

Spain has 50 provinces

Question 23

soain has a tax system

Answer 23

Most of the revenue required to maintain the states administrativw structure and public services come from taxes

taxes are direct from the peoples salaries or indirect like IVA

Question 24

What is the EU?

Answer 24

is a sipernational organization comprised of 27 member cointries. It is responsable for the functioning ofvthe EU and maling desitions that affect all memeber states

Question 25

Which are the traties adopted bu the member countries?

Answer 25

Rome (1957) Lisbon (2009) Maastricht (1992) Schengen (1995)

Question 26

member states

Answer 26

are represented in instit in order to promote the general interests of the EU states

Question 27

Which are the main objectives of the EU?

Answer 27

to promote the peace and wellbeing of all its citizebs and ensure common rights

Question 28

which re the principally objectives of the EU?

Answer 28

- promote economic and social progress by crating an area of free movements - establish laws and rules that encouratge scientific and tecno advancement - international policy, provides solutions to interntional problems - european citizenship recognizes the rights and duties of all Eu citizens - to ensure freedom, justicie and security for all the EU cutizens

Question 29

Citizens rights

Answer 29

All the inhabitants of the EU jave the same rights like vote, work, have a hause, esucation…

Question 30

The 3 main EU institutions

Answer 30

The European Parliament: represents and it is elected by the Eu citizens The council of the EU: represebts each state they adopt laws that are proposed by the European council The european council: it representd the EU and proposes laws that the council would adopt

Question 31

headquarters

Answer 31

main ofice of intitutions like brussels, luxembourg, frankfurt and strasbourg

Question 32

Ehat are interantional relations?

Answer 32

Economic contacts Social contacts Cultural contacts

Question 33

cultural contacts:

Answer 33

ensure a better supply of products and generate financial benefits

Question 34

social contacts

Answer 34

people movements - migration and short term movements such as tourism

Question 35

cultural contact

Answer 35

coperation between unis, museums and research centers

Question 36

bilateral relations

Answer 36

relations between states are governed by agreements between two countries

Question 37

aim of bilateral relations

Answer 37

solve common problems and avoid conflicts

Question 38

Which are the functions of the spanish embassies?

Answer 38

1) represent spain 2) protect spain interests 3) negociate with governments of foregein states

Question 39

What is the UN?

Answer 39

was founded in 1945 from the beginin ita objectives have always been to preserve the world peace and defend humand rights. The UN is formed with 193 member states The UN is the worlds biggest forum for cooperation between countries

Question 40

What are NGO’s ?

Answer 40

non-government organization: is an international public entity created for humanitarian and social proposes it does not form part of the state