Geodesy and Carto

Question 1

Triangulation requires _____ in each triangle

Answer 1

3 angles

Question 2

Triangulation angles must be greater than _____ but less than ______.

Answer 2

Greater then 30, less than 150

Question 3

Components of Total Station System

Answer 3

Electronic Distance Meter
Theodolite
Microprocessor

Question 4

Strength of Figure should not exceed _____. If it exceeds ______, new baseline must be measured

Answer 4

20 & 80

Question 5

GPS
Constellation of _____ satellite

Answer 5

24

Question 6

GPS
Former name

Answer 6

NAVSTAR
Navigatiin Satellite with Time and Ranging GPS

Question 7

GPS Space Segment Component
has ______ orbital planes, inclined at ______ from equator

Answer 7

6 orbital planes
55°

Question 8

GPS Space Segment Component
Satellite has an average altitude of ______ km.

Answer 8

20,200 km

Question 9

GPS Space Segment Component
Radius of Orbit of Satellite is ___ km.

Answer 9

26,600 km

Question 10

GPS Space Segment Component
Geostationary Satellite has an altitude of ______ km.

Answer 10

36,000 km

Question 11

GPS Space Segment Component

Each orbit has _____ satellite or space vehicle

Answer 11

4

Question 12

GPS Space Segment Component

One satellite covers about _____ of the earth

Answer 12

38%

Question 13

GPS Space Segment Component

GPS satellite weighs _____ kg. or approximately ______ pound and is about _____ feet across with the solar panels extended

Answer 13

850 kg
2000 lb
17 feet

Question 14

GPS Space Segment Component

GPS satellite has a life expectancy of ____ years

Answer 14

7.5 years

Question 15

GPS Space Segment Component

GPS Satellite has ________ clocks:
2 _____ and 2 ______

Answer 15

4 atomic clocks
2 cesium
2 rubidium

Question 16

GPS Control Segment Component

Master control station is located at ________

Answer 16

Colorado Springs, Colorado

Question 17

GPS Control Segment Component
Has what functions

Answer 17

1. Continuous tracking data
2. Creates updated navigational message
3. Compute Satellite Ephemeris
4. Carries out satellite control such as orbit maneuvers

Question 18

GPS User Segment Component
Consists of _____

Answer 18

Receivers

Question 19

GPS User Segment Component

GPS receivers have _______ clock

Answer 19

Quartz clock

Question 20

GPS Signal Structure

Has three components and these are

Answer 20

Carrier Frequencies
Pseudo random noise code
Navigation Message

Question 21

GPS Signal Structure
Carries Frequencies are L1 and L2 carrier.

L1 has ______ MHz and wavelength of ______ cm.

L2 has ____ MHz and wavelength of ____ cm.

Answer 21

1575.42 MHz and 19 cm

1227.6 MHz and 24 cm

Question 22

GPS Signal Structure
Pseudo random noise code

2 types of PRN codes

Answer 22

Coarse Acquisition or C/A code
Precise or Pcode

Question 23

GPS Signal Structure
Pseudo random noise code

CA code has a wavelength of _____ meters. Carried in ______ carrier.

Pcode has a wavelength of ______ meters. Carried in ______ carrier.

Answer 23

300 meters carried in L1

30 meters carried in both L1 and L2

Question 24

GPS Signal Structure

Navigation Message is transmitted at _____ bps

Answer 24

50 bps or 50 Hz

Question 25

GPS Signal Structure Navigation Message contains what informations

Answer 25

1. Correction parameters 2. Broadcast Ephemeris 3. Almanac 4. Satellite Health

Question 26

GPS receivers types Navigation/ Mapping Grade Receivers receives _____ Single Frequency/Survey Grade Receivers receives _____ Dual Frequency/Survey Grade Receivers receives _____

Answer 26

C/A C/A and L1 C/A and Pcode ; L1 and L2

Question 27

Selective Availability is the

Answer 27

Deliberate degradation of GPS Satellite Signal

Question 28

Anti-Spoofing is the

Answer 28

Policy of code denial. Interchanges Pcode with encrypted Ycode

Question 29

GPS Receiver Components

Answer 29

Antenna Receiver Command Entry and Display Unit Power Supply

Question 30

Ground Plane of Antenna

Answer 30

Reduces interference from reflected signals

Question 31

6 channel GPS receivers

Answer 31

Track 6 satellite continously

Question 32

Multiplexing GPS receiver

Answer 32

Combine both Code-correlation tracking and codeless tracking

Question 33

Errors in GPS Satellite Based Error in satellite position are due to

Answer 33

Differences between predicted and actual position of satellite

Question 34

Error in GPS Satellite based Error in timing or clock errors are due to

Answer 34

Residual errors in atomic clocks

Question 35

Errors in GPS Atmospheric condition on Signal Transmission GPS signals is altered by _____ & _____ effects

Answer 35

Ionospheric and Tropospheric

Question 36

Ionospheric effect Ionosphere is a dispersive medium causing ______ and accelaration in GPS carrier phase making it the ______.

Answer 36

Delay in PRN code Largest source of error

Question 37

Errors in GPS Site-dependent error sources Satellite geometry. GDOP greater then _____ means poor geometry

Answer 37

8

Question 38

Errors in GPS Site-dependent error sources Multipath is when GPS signals is ________. Low angle equals increase incidence of multipath error.

Answer 38

Refected by obstruction

Question 39

Errors in GPS Site-dependent error sources Cycle slip is the _______. Occurs when there is very dense obstruction.

Answer 39

Temporary loss of GPS signal

Question 40

Errors in GPS Reciever base errors This is due to less accuracy of ______.

Answer 40

Receiver clocks than satellite clocks

Question 41

GPS Positioning Method Point Positioning Also called _____. Method where time elapsed is measured between transmission and reception of PRN code.

Answer 41

Code-phase Measurement

Question 42

GPS Positioning Method Relative positioning Two or more receivers simultaneously receive signals. This is the _____ method for eatablishing spatial position. ______ is the most reliable relative positioning method.

Answer 42

Most accurate method Static Relative Positioning

Question 43

GPS was started by the US _________ in 1973 with the plfirst prototype spacecraft launched in 1978

Answer 43

Department of Defense

Question 44

An orthophotograph in standard quadrangle format with little or no cartographic treatment

Answer 44

Orthophotoquad

Question 45

A Hungarian Physicist who is known for his invention of the torsion pendulum used to meausre the desity of underlying rock strata and the ______ of gravity.

Answer 45

Lorand Eotvos, magnitude