Geog Superpowers 2 Flashcards
(22 cards)
What role did NATO play in Ukraine following the Russian invasion in 2014?
Promoting cooperation and assisting Ukraine defense reforms
NATO’s involvement included military support and strategic partnerships to bolster Ukraine’s defense capabilities.
What influence do superpowers have on global action regarding climate change?
They influence through their role in alliances and the UN
Superpowers can shape international policies and agreements that affect climate action.
What are the main military alliances mentioned?
- NATO
- ANZUS
These alliances are critical for military cooperation among member nations.
What economic alliances are referenced?
- EU
- NAFTA
- ASEAN
These organizations facilitate trade and economic collaboration among member countries.
What does the IPCC stand for and its purpose?
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change; provides scientific information for government policy development
The IPCC plays a crucial role in informing climate policy worldwide.
What is the target set by the IPCC for global emissions?
Reduce to net zero by 2050
This target aims to mitigate the impacts of climate change.
What is the function of the UN Security Council?
Aims to prevent conflict
It consists of 5 permanent members with veto power, which can influence global peacekeeping decisions.
What is the UN Peacekeeping role?
Deployed to encourage stability in conflicts
Peacekeeping missions help maintain order in regions affected by war.
What major climate agreement was signed at the UN Climate Change Conference in 2015?
Paris Agreement
This agreement aims to limit global temperature rise and involves commitments from 195 countries.
What percentage of global greenhouse gas emissions came from China in 2019?
27%
China’s emissions are a significant factor in global climate change discussions.
Fill in the blank: The rise of the middle class in emerging powers is adding to the environmental impacts by increasing _____ and _____ consumption.
global trade; manufactured goods
Increased consumption patterns contribute to resource depletion and emissions.
What is the predicted effect of climate change on oil extraction?
Oil is predicted to run out, requiring extraction from remote places
This highlights the urgency of transitioning to renewable energy sources.
What significant event did Russia undertake in 2014 regarding Ukraine?
Annexed Crimea and began a war with Ukraine
Russia’s actions were motivated by geopolitical concerns over influence in the region.
What is the estimated value of oil under the Arctic according to the text?
$35 trillion
This resource has become increasingly sought after due to melting ice from climate change.
What is the significance of the South China Sea in terms of geopolitical tensions?
It has overlapping territorial claims and significant oil and fishery resources
Control over this area is contested among several countries, particularly China and its neighbors.
What is a sphere of influence?
The area over which a country has influence through military, economic, political, or cultural means
Spheres of influence can lead to competition and conflict among nations.
True or False: The USA pulled out of the Paris Agreement under President Biden.
False
President Biden re-joined the Paris Agreement on his first day in office.
What are the three main areas of tension between superpowers and emerging powers?
- Intellectual Property Rights (IPR)
- Acquisition and exploitation of physical resources
- Control over territory
These tensions can lead to conflicts and hinder cooperation.
What economic challenges does the USA face that may undermine its power?
- National debt of €17 trillion
- Deindustrialization
- Economic reliance on emerging powers
These factors contribute to the USA’s changing global position.
What is the impact of Saudi Arabia holding 20% of global oil reserves?
They control oil prices and influence global markets
This centrality to oil supply significantly affects superpower relations.
What percentage of EU citizens were aged over 65 in 2016?
20%
An aging population can lead to economic challenges and a reduced workforce.
What prediction is made about the future global power structure?
- Unipolar with the US as main superpower
- Multipolar with BRICs becoming more important
- Bipolar with China equaling US power
- Unipolar with power shifting to Asia led by China
Various factors, including population size and global challenges, make predictions uncertain.
