Geograpfi Flashcards
Climate and Atmosphere - Summary for 5th grade Atmosphere The atmosphere is the gaseous envelope that surrounds the Earth. It consists mainly of nitrogen (78%) and oxygen (21%). Layers of the atmosphere: Troposphere: the lowest layer, where weather phenomena occur (rain, wind, snow). Stratosphere: contains the ozone layer that protects the Earth from harmful UV radiation. Other layers: Mesosphere, Thermosphere, Exosphere (less important for this age). The atmosphere protects life on Eart (16 cards)
What is the atmosphere?
The gaseous envelope that surrounds the Earth
It is essential for life on Earth.
What are the main components of the atmosphere?
Nitrogen (78%) and Oxygen (21%)
These gases are crucial for life processes.
What is the troposphere?
The lowest layer of the atmosphere where weather phenomena occur
Includes rain, wind, and snow.
What is the role of the stratosphere?
Contains the ozone layer that protects the Earth from harmful UV radiation
The ozone layer absorbs most of the sun’s harmful ultraviolet radiation.
Name the other layers of the atmosphere.
- Mesosphere
- Thermosphere
- Exosphere
These layers are less important for basic understanding at this age.
What is air pressure?
The force of air on the Earth’s surface that decreases with height
Air pressure affects weather and climate.
What causes air pollution?
The burning of fuels
Results in problems like acid rain and the greenhouse effect.
Define climate.
The average state of the weather in a place over a long period of time (at least 30 years)
Climate differs from weather, which is temporary.
What is weather?
The current state of atmospheric conditions
Includes temperature, wind, and precipitation.
List the main climatic elements.
- Air temperature
- Precipitation
- Wind
- Air humidity
- Cloudiness
- Sunshine
These elements collectively define the climate of a region.
What climatic factor is affected by latitude?
Temperature
Latitude refers to the distance from the equator.
How does altitude affect climate?
The higher the place, the lower the temperatures
Altitude influences weather patterns.
What effect does distance from the sea have on climate?
The sea moderates temperature differences
Coastal areas experience milder climates.
What role does topography play in climate?
Can create differences in precipitation and temperature
Mountains can block weather patterns.
How do sea currents affect climate?
Warm and cold currents affect the climate of coastal areas
Currents influence local weather conditions.
Name the main types of climate.
- Moderate-continental
- Mediterranean
- Oceanic
- Continental
- Mountainous
Each type has unique characteristics.
