Geograph Flashcards
1
Q
what are the different types of geography?
A
Human geography, Physical geography and Environmental geography.
2
Q
what is the difference between a closed and open question?
A
an open question lets the person talk about anything whereas a closed question you get a direct answer.
3
Q
what does a PEE paragraph stand for?
A
P- point E- evidence E- explain.
4
Q
how do clouds form?
A
cools condenses
5
Q
what is a microclimate?
A
A microclimate is when to areas which are close together have different climates.
6
Q
What causes a microclimate?
A
Shelter Physical features Buildings Aspect
Surface
7
Q
what is leaf litter cover?
A
this is how much the ground is covered by leaves.
8
Q
what is canopy cover?
A
this is how much the sky is covered by clouds.
9
Q
what is wind speed?
A
this is how fast the wind is.
10
Q
what is plant layers?
A
this is how many different heights of plants are there.
11
Q
what is soil moisture and texture?
A
this is how dry or wet the soil is.
12
Q
what is light intensity?
A
this is how much light is getting through.
13
Q
what is air temperature?
A
this is how warm or cold the air is.
14
Q
what is slope?
A
this is if the ground is flat or has a dip.
15
Q
what is relative humidity?
A
this is how much moisture there is in the air.
16
Q
A body of air that is warmer and tends to bring warmer temperatures
A
Warm Front
17
Q
The short term atmospheric conditions, e.g. In minutes of a day
A
Weather
18
Q
The measure used to describe how covered the sky is with clouds
A
Oktas
19
Q
Water held in the atmosphere that is released as rain, fog, drizzle, snow etc.
A
Precipitation
20
Q
The most common wind direction
A
Prevailing wind
21
Q
Happening now and again. Most often used to describe rain showers or snow showers.
A
Scattered
22
Q
Short periods of rain
A
Showers
23
Q
Rain and snow mixed together and produced when the temperature isn’t quite cold enough for only snow.
A
Sleet
24
Q
The weather has stayed the same for a period of time
A
Stable
25
Periods where the earth receives direct sunshine from the sun
Sunny Spells
26
How hot or cold it is
Temperature
27
The weather has changed a lot in a short period of time
Unstable
28
How far you can see, so visibility will be reduced when there is fog or mist
Visibility
29
A period of very heavy rain that falls in a short time.
Downpour or downburst
30
Damp conditions where there is a lot of moisture in the air but not really sufficient to say it is raining
Drizzle
31
Precipitation in the air and you can see for less than 1000 metres
Fog
32
A sudden gust of wind or snow
Flurry
33
Where two bodies of air meet each other
Front
34
Warm or hot weather conditions with lots of moisture in the air, but not raining.
Humid
35
A wind that blows from a body of water, like the sea, onto the land
Land breeze
36
Water that is held in the air as part of the water cycle
Moisture
37
Precipitation in the air but you can still see for more than 1000 metres
Mist
38
The sky fully covered in dark clouds- of oktas covered
Overcast
39
A period of stable weather that tends to be warmer in the daytime and cooler and night.
Anticyclone
40
It is very windy
Blustery
41
It is very warm with lots of moisture in the air but not raining
Balmy
42
There isn't any wind
Calm
43
Where the weather changes often
Changeable
44
The temperature feeling colder because of the impact of the wind
Chill factor
45
The long term trend in weather that shows the average, e.g It is colder in January year on year
Climate
46
A body of air that tends to bring showery, cold weather
Cold front
47
A period of weather were the temperature falls quickly but then recovers to be normal for that time of year
Cold snap
48
A weather system that brings changeable weather, with warm and cold fronts
Depression
49
WHAT CLOUD IS THIS:
| A veil of thin white cloud. Sun clearly visible with shadows. Often with a halo.
Cirrostratus
50
WHAT CLOUD IS THIS:
| Broken into small flat clouds, often regularly arranged. No rain or snow.
Altocumulus
51
WHAT CLOUD IS THIS:
| Thicker than cirrostratus; sun visible as disc. No shadows or halo.
Altostratus
52
WHAT CLOUD IS THIS:
| Small cumulus have a cotton wool shape. Often grow to bunch together. No rain.
Cumulus
53
WHAT CLOUD IS THIS:
| Common. Sometimes covering the whole sky, sometimes more like flattened cumulus.
Stratocumulus
54
WHAT CLOUD IS THIS:
| Grey, flat and boring, no sun visible. Drizzle may fall. Called hill fog on high ground
Stratus
55
WHAT CLOUD IS THIS:
| Cumulus grown tall and dark. Showers likely. Top can be very high, sometimes feathery or flat
Cumulonimbus
56
WHAT CLOUD IS THIS:
| Thick, dark stratus, giving rain, which is often heavy and prolonged. Difficult to photograph.
Nimbostratus
57
WHAT CLOUD IS THIS:
| Not a common type. Sometimes dappled or rippled. Sun visible.
Cirrocumulus
58
WHAT CLOUD IS THIS:
| Sometimes delicate, hair-like-strands. Sometimes thicker blobs.
Cirrus
59
What is the definition of a Jet Stream?
A jet stream is a monumental wind that flies across the sky at 250 miles an hour.
60
What are the five stages of a depression
```
Cold sector
Passage of the warm front
Warm sector
Passage of the cold front
Cold sector
```
61
What happens in the cold sector?
Approach of the depression
Dry and fine
Cirrus clouds that convert into stratus
Cool temperatures
62
What happens in the Passage of the warm front?
```
Prolonged, steady rainfall
Nimbostratus clouds
Wind increase
Anticlockwise direction
Temperature rises
```
63
What happens in the Warm sector?
Dry with showers
Warmer temperatures
Light winds
Cumulus clouds
64
What happens in the Passage of the cold front?
```
Heavy rain, even hail
cumulonimbus clouds
Strong winds
Anticlockwise direction
Temperature decreases
```
65
What does permeable mean?
Water can flow through
66
What does impermeable mean?
Water can't go through
67
What are the many causes of flooding?
```
River flood- River overflows its banks
Very dry soil- minerals and salts form a crust so it prevent water from getting through. OSMOSIS
Type of soil- Clay- sand
Steep slopes- water runs downhill
Deforestation
Too much rain
Urbanisation
```
68
What does percolation means?
The rate at what water drains away
69
What is a biome?
An area of land with similar vegetation, a similar climate and natural land use.
70
What are the two plates of the Great African Rift Valley?
Somali plate- left
| Nubian plate- right
71
Why are some countries rich and others poor?
```
Culture
-Religion
-Effort and talent
Geography
-Transport
-Location on the globe
-Natural resources
Institution
-Police- corruption
-Clan based thinking
```
72
what is physical geography?
The study of the Earth's natural features.
73
What is human geography?
The study of where and how people live.
74
What is environmental geography?
The study of how we affect the environment.
75
how do clouds form?
It cools condenses and rises to form a cloud.
76
What is relief rainfall?
Warm moist air is forced to rise to get over a mountain or hill. It cools condense and forms a cloud. The rain then falls on the mountain or hill and is then goes back down. This is called a rain shadow.
77
What is convectional rainfall?
The ground is warmed by the sun so the moist air rises cools and condenses to form a cumulonimbus cloud.
78
What is frontal rainfall?
Warm and cool air meet at a front. The warm air is forced to rise cool a condenses to form a cloud.
79
WHAT IS THE BIOME NAME:
Containing evergreen trees, are found in Scandinavia, Russia and Canada. They have a cool climate with moderate rainfall called cool temperate.
CONIFEROUS FORESTS
80
WHAT IS THE BIOME NAME:
Are the driest and hottest of areas. The world's largest desert is the Sahara in North Africa. Areas of scrub land that border the desert are called desert scrub.
DESERT
81
WHAT IS THE BIOME NAME:
Climates are not too hot or cold. They are found around the Mediterranean Sea, near Cape Town in South Africa and Melbourne in Australia.
MEDITERRANEAN
82
WHAT IS THE BIOME NAME:
Areas that can be very cold at night and during the winter. The growing season is short and at higher levels trees will not grow.
MOUNTAIN
83
WHAT IS THE BIOME NAME:
Are hot and dry, dominated by grass, scrub and occasional trees. they have two distinct seasons- a dry season when much of the vegetation dies back, and a rainy season when it grows rapidly. They are found in Kenya, Zambia, Tanzania, northern Australia and Venezuela and Brazil.
SAVANNAH
84
WHAT IS THE BIOME NAME:
Dominated by grass and trees and large bushes are scare. They have a temperate continental climate- the weather is mild with moderate rainfall. They include the Puszta in Hungary, the Veldt in South Africa and the Prairies in the USA.
TEMERATE GRASSLANDS
85
WHAT IS THE BIOME NAME:
Contain trees that lose their leaves and are found across Europe and USA. The weather is mild and wet. The climate is called Temperate Maritime.
TEMPERATE DECIDUOUS FORESTS
86
WHAT IS THE BIOME NAME:
Are found near the equator in Central and South America, parts of Africa and Asia. They are hot and humid and contain a large variety of plants and animals. The trees are mostly hardwood. The climate is called equatorial.
TROPICAL FORESTS
87
WHAT IS THE BIOME NAME:
Surrounds the North and South poles. They have a extremely cold climate, with limited numbers of plants and animals able to survive there.
TUNDRA
88
Name some facts about the Massai tribe.
- The maasai people live in the Maasai Mara.
- They own large herds of cattle such as cows, goats and sheep
- Traditional colour is red
- They greet people by asking how their cattle is
- patriarchal society-men in charge
- women- look after the children
89
What are the six rules of making a questionnaire?
- don't be bias
- easy to answer- short questions
- appropriate language
- be specific
- be realistic
- open or closed questions
90
What does an anemometer do?
It measures the wind.
91
What does the wind vane do?
It measures the wind direction
92
What does the rain gauge do?
It measures precipitation
93
What does the barometer do?
It measures air pressure
94
What does the sling psychrometer do?
It measures humidity
95
What does the thermometer do?
It measures air temperature
96
On a flood Hydrograph what goes on the bottom axis?
Time
97
On a flood hydrograph what goes on the left axis?
rainfall
98
on a flood hydrograph what goes on the right axis?
Discharge
99
on a flood hydrograph what piece of information is shown as a bar chart?
rainfall
100
on a flood hydrograph what piece of information is shown as a plot?
discharge
101
Why is there a difference in Britain's weather temperatures?
- Height- every 100m up it gets 1 degree colder
- Warming effect of the sea
- wind direction- wind north-cold win south- warm
- Latitude
- Ocean currents- North Atlantic drift rises temperatures.
102
What is a pull factor?
Something that attracts you to a new place
103
What is a push factor?
Something that makes you move away or migrate
