Geographhy - Unit 3 & 4 Flashcards
What is birth rate?
Birth rate is the number of babies born alive for every 1000 people per year
What is death rate?
Death rate is the number of people who die for every 1000 people in one year
What is natural increase?
If you look at the difference between the birth and the death rates you can find out how much the population will change by
Natural increase = birth rate – death rate
Densely Populated
large number of people living close together
Population Distribution
The pattern of where people live
Sparsely populated
small number of people spread over a large area
Population density
The measurement/number of people living in a unit of area
Why are things sparsely populated?
Lack of natural resources, extreme, hostile climate, extensive forests and woodlands, steep slopes, mountainous landscape, few jobs isolated area, no transport
Why are things densely populated?
Flat land suitable for building, presence of natural resources such as coal and gas leads to job opportunities, cities providing opportunities for work, plentiful supplies of water, calmer climate/warm temperatures
What would good healthcare in a country affect?
Death rate - less people would die
What would war in a country affect?
Death rate - more people would die from the shots (higher death rates)
What would a lack of clean water in a country affect?
Death rate - LICS can lead to diseases being more easily spread leading to cholera making more people die (higher death rates)
What would a lack of food in a country affect?
Death rate - LICS can lead to a famine and people starving making more people die (higher death rates)
What would women getting more jobs in a country affect?
Birth rate - HICs women will start to focus on their career instead of creating families which would lower the birth rate
What would the costs of having a child in a country affect?
In many HICs, the cost of having a child is a lot, and therefore many couples may only be able to afford having one child, leading to a lower birth rate
Why could there be such a large birthrate in LICs?
In many LICs, many couples have large families so that the children will look after them when they become older.
What do you expect on a LIC population pyramid?
WIDE BASE
Large youthful population - High Birth Rate
NARROW TOP
Small elderly – low life expectancy/high death rate
What do you expect on a HIC population pyramid?
NARROW BASE-
Small youthful population - low birth rate
WIDE TOP – large elderly/high life expectancy - Low death rate
What is the one child policy?
Was introduced in 1979 to reduce the rate of population growth in China. Under the policy, each couple in China is only allowed to have one child.
Reward for one child policy?
You would be given a house, pension and family income benefits, as well as free education and child care You would receive a 5-10% salary increase for only having one child
Punishment for not following one child policy?
A 10% salary reduction was enforced
The granny police would keep an eye on you
A fine was imposed that would bankrupt most families
Positives of one child policy?
The predicted famine (when food runs out) has been avoided
Strong grandparent/grand children relationships
400 million fewer people have been born –children known as ‘single family treasures’
Negatives of one child policy?
Aging older population: 4 -2 -1 problem (one child looks after many older family members)
Women were forced to have abortions as late as 9 months
Women are placed under pressure from the ‘Granny Police’
Where is the tropical rainforest biomes at?
The tropical rainforest biome is found mostly along the equator line
They are found between the tropic of Capricorn and Cancer
It is found in the continents of Asia, South America and central Africa
