Geography 1 - Foundational Skills

Question 1

An angular distance north or south of the Earth’s equator, usually expressed in degrees and minutes.

Answer 1

Latitude

Question 1

An angular distance east or west of the Earth’s equator, usually expressed in degrees and minutes.

Answer 1

Longitude

Question 2

A circle on the surface of a sphere whose plane passes through the center. It represents the shortest distance between two points.

Answer 2

Great Circle

Question 3

North, south, east, and west.

Answer 3

Cardinal Directions

Question 4

Helps a person read a map by explaining the symbols and/or colors used on the map.

Answer 4

Legend

Question 5

An object showing the principal directions printed on a map or chart.

Answer 5

Compass Rose

Question 6

The relationship (or ratio) between distance on a map and the corresponding distance on the surface of the Earth.

Answer 6

Scale

Question 7

A map that depicts land configuration, including elevation.

Answer 7

Relief

Question 8

Collective term for lines of latitude and longitude that form an imaginary grid over Earth’s surface, making it possible to locate a specific point.

Answer 8

Grid System

Question 9

24 longitudinal divisions of the globe, roughly 15 degrees wide, in which clocks show the same time.

Answer 9

Time Zones

Question 10

Lines of latitude and longitude are mapped as horizontal and vertical lines. Distortion is greater in high latitudes.

Answer 10

Cylindrical Projections

Question 11

Reduces distortion in shape and area near tangent or secant parallels.

Answer 11

Conic Projections

Question 12

Projects onto a plane. Directions from a central point are preserved. Great circles through central point are straight lines.

Answer 12

Azimuthal Projections

Question 13

an imaginary line about which a body rotates.

Answer 13

Axis

Question 14

move in a circle on a central axis.

Answer 14

Revolve/ Revolution

Question 15

A specific pairing of latitude and longitude on a coordinate grid.

Answer 15

Absolute Location

Question 16

A system designed to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, manage, and present all types of spatial or geographical data.

Answer 16

GIS – Geographic Information System

Question 16

A point on the earth in relation to another point or place.

Answer 16

Relative location

Question 17

A navigation system that allows land, sea, and airborne users to determine their exact location anywhere in the world.

Answer 17

GPS – Global Positioning System

Question 18

A set of closely grouped islands.

Answer 18

Archipelago

Question 19

A ring of low-lying islands

Answer 19

Atoll

Question 20

An inlet of the sea where the land curves inward

Answer 20

Bay

Question 21

A deep, narrow valley with steep slopes, usually with a river running through it.

Answer 21

Canyon

Question 22

A point of land that extends into the water.

Answer 22

Cape

Question 23

A wide waterway between two close, large landmasses.

Answer 23

channel

Question 24

A sheltered coastal inlet, smaller than a bay.

Answer 24

cove

Question 24

A fan shaped area where a river meets a larger body of water. Land builds up from river sediments.

Answer 24

Delta

Question 25

An area where freshwater from a river or stream meets the ocean, and the water mixes.

Answer 25

Estuary

Question 26

A long, narrow, inlet from the sea between steep slopes of a mountainous coast.

Answer 26

Fjord

Question 27

A flat area next to a river, formed by river sediments and subject to flooding

Answer 27

Floodplain

Question 28

A large area of sea or ocean, partially enclosed by land.

Answer 28

Gulf

Question 29

An area of land surrounded by a body of water.

Answer 29

Island

Question 30

The part of a river that meets a larger body of water; lake, sea, ocean.

Answer 30

Mouth (of a River)

Question 31

A piece of land surrounded on 3 sides by water, but connected to the mainland.

Answer 31

Peninsula

Question 32

A lowland area between mountains or highlands. Formed by separation of continental plates.

Answer 32

Rift Valley

Question 33

A body of water partially or fully enclosed by land, usually connected to the ocean.

Answer 33

Sea

Question 34

A long, wide inlet of the ocean.

Answer 34

Sound

Question 35

A narrow waterway that connects two larger bodies of water.

Answer 35

Strait

Question 36

A stream that feeds into a larger stream or river.

Answer 36

Tributary

Question 37

Plates of land which float on and travel over Earth’s mantle.

Answer 37

Tectonic Plates

Question 38

The region of Earth’s interior between the crust and core.

Answer 38

Mantle

Question 39

The outermost solid shell of our planet.

Answer 39

Lithosphere

Question 39

Molten rock from the mantle

Answer 39

Magma

Question 40

The theory that the continents were once connected and the plates slowly separated.

Answer 40

Continental Drift

Question 40

The scientist who first theorized about Continental Drift

Answer 40

Alfred Wegener

Question 41

An underwater mountain range, where plates diverge and the sea floor spreads

Answer 41

Mid-Atlantic Ridge

Question 42

Where a dense ocean plate collides with a lighter continental plate. The heavier plate gets pushed below into the mantle.

Answer 42

Subduction Zones

Question 43

the breakdown of the materials of Earth’s crust into smaller pieces.

Answer 43

Weathering

Question 43

A massive chain of volcanoes surrounding the Pacific Ocean

Answer 43

Ring of Fire

Question 44

The process by which water, ice, wind, or gravity moves fragments of rock and soil.

Answer 44

Erosion

Question 45

rock and soil fragments.

Answer 45

Sediment

Question 46

large masses of rock are physically broken into smaller pieces.

Answer 46

Physical

Question 46

the laying down of sediments in a new location.

Answer 46

Deposition

Question 47

changes the chemical makeup of rocks (rocks dissolve in acidic environments. Many caves have been formed this way.)

Answer 47

Chemical

Question 48

Wind carries small particles of dust, sand, and soil from one place to another.

Answer 48

Wind Erosion

Question 49

Glaciers are large bodies of ice that move across Earth’s surface. They are formed over time as layers of snow press together and turn into ice.

Answer 49

Glacial Erosion

Question 50

removes vegetation from the land and leads to soil erosion.

Answer 50

Deforestation

Question 51

Water erosion begins when spring water and rainwater flow downhill in streams, cutting into the land and wearing away soil and rock.

Answer 51

Water Erosion

Question 52

ll

Answer 52

lines longitude

Question 53

=

Answer 53

lines latitude

Question 54

Rearrange these steps that lead to precipitation: (Think about cause and effect)

Answer 54

1. Air mass cools 2. Air mass rises 3. Water vapor condenses (clouds form)