Geography

Question 1

What is Physical Geography?

Answer 1

Physical Geography is the study of the Earth’s natural features. It is about the land, sea and environment around us.
Examples include: Rivers, coasts, ecosystems, volcanoes, earthquakes, mountains

Question 2

What is Human Geography?

Answer 2

Human Geography is the study of where and how people live.
Examples include: Cities, migration, places, jobs

Question 3

What is Environmental Geography?

Answer 3

Environmental Geography is the study of how we, as humans, affect our surroundings.
Examples include: Pollution, deforestation, climate change

Question 4

What is a continent?

Answer 4

A continent is a large land mass, islands surrounding it are included.

Question 5

What is longitude and latitude?

Answer 5

A system of lines that are used to find the location of any place on the surface of the Earth

Question 6

What is latitude?

Answer 6

Latitude-run horizontal in an East-west direction. It is measured North or South of the equator.

Question 7

What is longitude?

Answer 7

Longitude-run vertically in a North-south direction. It is measured East or West of the prime Meridian

Question 8

How do I show relief on a map?

Answer 8

Height in metres (m) above sea level

🟥 More than 300 🟨 100 - 200

🟧 200 - 300 🟩 less than 100

And you show relief by colours

Question 9

What is a biomes?

Answer 9

Biome is areas of the planet with similar climate and landscape, where similar animals and plants live.

Question 10

What is the Mediterranean biome?

Answer 10

Mediterranean
Vegetation Climate
Leafy and relatively Very hot
short e.g. Cactus, and dry.
low Shrubs Mild winters.
Animals Droughts and
Wild goats, sheep, fires are common.
cattle, horses

Question 11

What is the Savanna biome?

Answer 11

Savanna
Vegetation Climate Animals
Grassland Warm all Zebras,
and shrubs, year round. elephants
Isolated trees. Long dry ,rhinos,
season, very cheetahs.
wet season.

Question 12

What is the hot desert biome?

Answer 12

Hot Desert
Vegetation Climate Animals
Not much Very hot in Animals that
vegetation, day, very cold burrow to
some like at night.<250mm avoid
cactus. rain/yr.Sahara is heat-
the largest. Lizards,
Vultures.

Question 13

What is the rainforest biome?

Answer 13

Rainforest
Vegetation Climate Animals
Thousands Warm all High
of species year round biodiversity.
from shrubs and very wet Gorillas,
to a forest of climate. monkeys,
tall trees. parrots.

Question 14

Climate Graphs
(Look at the picture)

Answer 14

Overall,the temperature in Lagos is stable over the year with range of 2•C.However,the precipitation changes considerably over the year.It is extremely wet during the summer months of May to October but is drier from November to February.For example,in January the precipitation is around 43mm but in June is around 300mm.An anomaly is the precipitation in August which has lower precipitation than the other summer months.June has nearly 6 times more precipitation than in December.

Question 15

How has Africa’s shaped its present?
(Look at the picture)

Answer 15

Africa is where humans began and migrated from.Homo sapiens emerged around 200000 years ago. Around 60000 years ago humans began to leave Africa to spread all over the world.

Question 16

A triangle of trade emerged
(Look at the picture)

Answer 16

600 years ago,the Europeans took an interest in Africa because of its resources and people.
The Dutch,Portuguese,British and others came to trade in ivory,gold and slaves.The slave trade lasted over 300 years and 12 million slaves were taken!

Question 17

Who colonised Africa?
(Look at the picture)

Answer 17

After the 1800s Europeans wanted to own the land to help fund the Industrial Revolution,this is called COLONISATION and to avoid wars they allocated countries by drawing lines on a map.Overtime,the African people grew tired of being exploited and they fought for their freedom.Libya was the first gaining independence from Italy in 1951.Zimbabwe only gained independence from Britain in 1980!

Question 18

Rural Ghana

Answer 18

Rural Ghana
• Infant mortality is high (a lot of children die)
• Climate change is bringing more drought and floods are making farming hard
• Pay is low and unemployment is high
• Residents (often women) have to spend hours collecting water every day and people often go hungry
• Not everyone gets an education

Question 19

Urban Ghana

Answer 19

Urban Ghana
• It is expanding rapidly as people move from rural to urban areas.
•It is a friendly place and relatively safe.
• Accra is the 10th wealthiest city in Africa based on money generated from gold, cocoa and oil.
• There are opportunities to work in various employment such as engineering,teaching,legal, and business roles.
• Many people can have a comfortable economic life.
• Because poverty is reducing and lives are improving it means that money can be spent on better healthcare and education.

Question 20

What are the social challenges facing Ethiopia?

Answer 20

1.Covid19 impacts are predicted to be severe on household incomes especially for the urban poor and are predicted to halt the poverty reduction.
2.Inequality has been increasing between urban and rural areas.
3.Food and water insecurity mean that many don’t have the basics to survive in life.
4.Ethiopia is heading for civil war due to political differences and was started by corruption.
5.Covid 19 has caused unemployment has increased with women being hit hardest.

Question 21

What are the economic challenges facing Ethiopia?

Answer 21

1.When people don’t have money,they can’t afford education or healthcare and the cycle of poverty continues.
2.China has built infrastructure and helped but Ethiopia and other African countries now owe China hundreds of billions of dollars.
3.Political corruption means that aid and money doesn’t get shared with society and is kept by those in power.
4.Ethiopia is a landlocked country-it is harder to trade.

Question 22

What are the environmental challenges facing Ethiopia?

Answer 22

1.Ethiopia is susceptible to climate change,especially drought from increased temperatures and changes in precipitation.
2.Climate change will have key impacts on agriculture,livestock,water and human health in Ethiopia.
3.Flash flooding will increase especially in the mountainous regions.Desertification will get worse.