Geography Flashcards
(20 cards)
What is population density?
The number of people per square kilometer
What does population distribution refer to?
The pattern where people are located across the Earth’s surface
What is the birth rate?
Number of births in a year per 1000 population
What is the death rate?
Number of deaths in a year per 1000 population
What is natural increase?
The difference between the birth rate and death rate, usually expressed as a % per year
What is the fertility rate?
The number of live births per 1000 people
What does the Demographic Transition Model describe?
Overall population change, mortality and fertility rates over time
What is life expectancy?
The average number of years a person is expected to live
What are Low Income Countries (LICs)?
Countries with a low level of economic development
What are High Income Countries (HICS)?
Countries with a high level of economic development
What is a population pyramid?
A bar chart that shows the distribution of a population by age and gender
What does age structure refer to?
The proportion of people of different ages within a population
What is the dependency ratio?
The ratio of dependent (under 15 and over 65 years old) to the working-age population (15-64)
What is infant mortality?
The average number of deaths of children under 1 year of age, per 1000 live births, per year
What is a ageing population?
An increase in the proportion of the population who are 65+
What is migration?
The movement of persons from one country or locality to another
What is immigration?
The permanent movement of people to live in a country different from their home country
What is emigration?
The movement of people out of a country or region
What is overpopulation?
When the resources cannot sustain the current population
What is underpopulation?
When there are too few people in an area to use the available resources efficiently
