Geography 2 Chapter 7 Flashcards
(30 cards)
What are the characteristics of a city?
- Built up area
-range of functions - large population size
- high population density
What is a city
A defined urban area within a country
How to calculate population density
Population density = population / land area = to ____ ppl /sqkm
Name the different types of infrastructure and their examples
Transport - bridges, expressways and tunnels
Telecommunications- telephone, lines and satellites
Basic services - power lines, water and gas pipes
State 5 pull factors of rural-urban migration
- promise of work
- better schooling and further education
- more hospitals and doctors
- perception of exciting city life
- political stability
State 5 push factors of rural-urban migration
- lack of job opportunities
- poor educational facilities
- lack of medical attention
- famine
- war
Why do cities depend on urban areas?
Cities depend on rural areas for food supply because in the city there is a lack of space for agricultural activities
How do the people in the rural areas earn income?
They rear animals and grow crops to sell the excess in the city markets
Name two opportunities in the city
Technological innovation
Education and employment
What is technological innovation
Use of scientific knowledge to create useful products and services as cities have skilled people ( eg artists and designers )
How can education benefit people in the city
With education , people can learn useful knowledge and skills that can be applied when they gain employment
How does further education benefit people’s employment
Companies can hire from a large pool of skilled employees which will help to improve their businesses
Name two challenges in the city
Environmental pollution and competition for natural resources
What is the cause and impact of water pollution
Cause - improper management of household and industrial waste due to inadequate or broken sewage systems
Impact - drinking of contaminated water leads to water bourne diseases that can cause death
What is the cause and impact of air pollution
Cause - use of coal to generate electricity and high volume of vehicular traffic traffic and emissions from factories
Impact - long term diseases such as respiratory infections and heart disease which will cause an increase in spending for healthcare
What is land used for
Industrial, commercial, residential and recreational purposes
Why can’t land dedicated for one use cannot be used for other purposes?
Stiff competition for land can result in tensions when existing residents and relocated to make way for new developments for other uses
Name the four national taps
Natural catchment imported water new water desalination
Why is there insufficient water and how does it occur
Demand exceeding supply and the supply of water may be affected when there is insufficient land for water catchment areas and plants for desalination and new water
what management
strategies to regulate the use of natural resources and minimize the negatuve negative impact from human activities
what is a strategy to reduce water pollution
water treatment ponds
how is the water quality of water bodies near farms reduced and how does wate treatment ponds solve this problem
when farms are near water bodies, rainwater is mixed with nutrients which reduces water quality
drains are set up around the farm plots and plants are grown in water treatment plants
how does the government use laws and policies to reduce air pollution in the city
they set limits on air pollutants for industries and vehicles
what is a hazard
events that have a negative on people, the physical and built environment and the economy
