geography final exam

Question 1

What is the difference between a landscape and landform?

Answer 1

A landscape is a visible feature of an area, while a landform is a specific physical feature of the landscape.

Question 2

What are geomorphic processes?

Answer 2

Geomorphic processes are natural processes that shape the Earth’s surface.

Question 3

What are the 4 key geomorphic processes?

Answer 3

The 4 key geomorphic processes are weathering, erosion, deposition, and tectonic activity.

Question 4

What is tectonic activity?

Answer 4

Tectonic activity refers to the movement of the Earth’s plates.

Question 5

What are the 3 key types of plate movements?

Answer 5

The 3 key types of plate movements are convergent, divergent, and transform.

Question 6

What is a hot spot?

Answer 6

A hot spot is a location where magma from deep within the mantle melts through the crust.

Question 7

What is a fault line?

Answer 7

A fault line is a fracture or zone of fractures between two blocks of rock.

Question 8

Outline the 4 key layers of the Earth.

Answer 8

The 4 key layers of the Earth are the crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core.

Question 9

What is weathering?

Answer 9

Weathering is the breaking down of rocks and minerals at the Earth’s surface.

Question 10

What is erosion?

Answer 10

Erosion is the process by which soil and rock are removed from the Earth’s surface.

Question 11

What is deposition?

Answer 11

Deposition is the process by which sediments are laid down in new locations.

Question 12

Explain the formation of the 3 main types of mountains.

Answer 12

The 3 main types of mountains are formed through tectonic activity: fold mountains, fault-block mountains, and volcanic mountains.

Question 13

What is the aesthetic value of landscapes?

Answer 13

The aesthetic value refers to the beauty and visual appeal of a landscape.

Question 14

What is the economic value of landscapes?

Answer 14

The economic value refers to the financial benefits derived from a landscape.

Question 15

What is the cultural value of landscapes?

Answer 15

The cultural value refers to the significance of a landscape to a particular culture or community.

Question 16

What is the spiritual value of landscapes?

Answer 16

The spiritual value refers to the connection people feel to a landscape in a religious or spiritual context.

Question 17

How do Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples value the landscape in Australia?

Answer 17

They value the landscape through cultural practices and connections to the land, such as Dreamtime stories.

Question 18

Outline 3 ways mountain landscapes are used by people.

Answer 18

Mountain landscapes are used for tourism, agriculture, and mining.

Question 19

Outline 3 ways coastal landscapes are used by people.

Answer 19

Coastal landscapes are used for tourism, fishing, and urban development.

Question 20

What is landscape degradation?

Answer 20

Landscape degradation is the deterioration of the landscape’s quality and health.

Question 21

Explain the cause of soil erosion.

Answer 21

Soil erosion is caused by water, wind, and human activities that remove the topsoil.

Question 22

Explain the cause of desertification.

Answer 22

Desertification is caused by climate change, deforestation, and unsustainable land use.

Question 23

Explain the cause of salinity.

Answer 23

Salinity is caused by the accumulation of salts in the soil, often due to irrigation practices.

Question 24

Outline the 4 main types of landscape management strategies.

Answer 24

The 4 main types are conservation, restoration, sustainable use, and protection.

Question 25

What is stewardship?

Answer 25

Stewardship is the responsible management of land and resources.

Question 26

What is ecotourism?

Answer 26

Ecotourism is responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment.

Question 27

What is a geomorphic hazard?

Answer 27

A geomorphic hazard is a natural event that poses a risk to people and property.

Question 28

Briefly outline the 6 common geomorphic hazards.

Answer 28

The 6 common geomorphic hazards are earthquakes, landslides, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, floods, and droughts.

Question 29

What are the 3 forms of water?

Answer 29

The 3 forms of water are solid (ice), liquid (water), and gas (water vapor).

Question 30

What is the difference between blue, green, and grey water?

Answer 30

Blue water is surface and groundwater, green water is soil moisture, and grey water is wastewater from domestic activities.

Question 31

Where can water be naturally stored in the environment?

Answer 31

Water can be naturally stored in rivers, lakes, glaciers, and underground aquifers.

Question 32

Where is most of Earth’s water found?

Answer 32

Most of Earth's water is found in the oceans.

Question 33

Why is water important?

Answer 33

Water is essential for life, agriculture, industry, and maintaining ecosystems.

Question 34

What type of activity uses the most water?

Answer 34

Agriculture uses the most water globally.

Question 35

What is virtual water?

Answer 35

Virtual water is the water embedded in the production of goods and services.

Question 36

How can water be used for agriculture, industrial, and recreational purposes?

Answer 36

Water is used for irrigation in agriculture, cooling in industrial processes, and swimming in recreational activities.

Question 37

How can people from different cultures/religions value water differently?

Answer 37

Different cultures may view water as sacred or essential for rituals, such as in Hinduism.

Question 38

What is the water cycle?

Answer 38

The water cycle is the continuous movement of water on, above, and below the surface of the Earth.

Question 39

Why is the water cycle considered a closed system?

Answer 39

The water cycle is considered a closed system because the amount of water remains constant.

Question 40

What is evaporation?

Answer 40

Evaporation is the process of water turning from liquid to vapor.

Question 41

What is condensation?

Answer 41

Condensation is the process of water vapor turning back into liquid.

Question 42

What is precipitation?

Answer 42

Precipitation is any form of water that falls from the atmosphere to the Earth.

Question 43

What is infiltration?

Answer 43

Infiltration is the process by which water enters the soil.

Question 44

What is run-off?

Answer 44

Run-off is the flow of water over the ground surface.

Question 45

What is transpiration?

Answer 45

Transpiration is the release of water vapor from plants into the atmosphere.

Question 46

What is collection?

Answer 46

Collection is the process of water gathering in bodies of water like rivers, lakes, and oceans.

Question 47

Outline the 3 types of rainfall.

Answer 47

The 3 types of rainfall are orographic, frontal, and convectional.

Question 48

What is water scarcity?

Answer 48

Water scarcity is the lack of sufficient available water resources to meet the demands.

Question 49

Explain the causes and impacts of water scarcity using 1 example/location.

Answer 49

Iran's water crisis in Al Jazeera impacts the country by: 1. Farmers not having enough water for irrigation, causing loss of produce (pistachio) 2. Families lose jobs associated with local bodies of water (lakes) 3. Industries collaps under the lack of water and the strain of resources.