Geography paper 1 Flashcards
(30 cards)
What’s a natural hazard?
Natural process which can cause death, injury or disruptions to humans.
What’s a natural disaster?
Natural hazard which has already happened
What are geological hazards?
Caused by land and tectonic processes
What are meteorological hazards?
Caused by weather and climate
Human factor affecting risk of hazards?
Population, HIC OR LIC, How country cope with events
Natural factor affecting risk of hazards?
Type of hazard
Frequency and magnitude of hazard
physical geography of area
Primary affects of natural hazards
Buildings and roads destroyed
Deaths and injury
Crop/water supply damaged or contaminated
Secondary responses of natural hazard
Initial hazard can cause others
emergency aid unable to go through
lack of clean water
economy weakened
Immediate response to natural hazard
Evacuate people
Help injured
Temporary food and water supply
Foreign government aid
What’s the Earth’s crust?
The outer layer of earth
What’s the earth inner core?
Middle of the earth made of iron and nickel and is solid
What’s the Earth’s outer core?
Surrounds the inner layer. Liquid made of silver and nickel
What’s the mantle?
Thickest section of earth made of magma
What’s the crust split into?
Tectonic Plates
Different tectonic plates
Continental :Thicker but less dense
Oceanic: Thinner but less dense
What’s ridge push?
New crust formed at divergent plate boundaries is less dense causing oceanic ridges. The seafloor beside the ridges move apart moving the tectonic plates
What are the different plate margins?
Destructive - Move towards eachother
Constructive - Move away from each other
Conservative - Move side by side
What can be formed at plate margins?
Volcanoes or mountains due to heat and pressure
Advantages of living by plate margins?
Land is cheap, gives valuable minerals and tourism
What plate margins are volcanoes formed?
Destructive and constructive
Destructive volcano boundaries
Oceanic is denser so it sinks beneath the continental into the mantle
Due to heat and pressure, it melts into the magma
Magma then rises through vents
This forms destructive volcanoes
Constructive volcanoes formation?
Two plates move apart
Magma rises to fill the gap
Shield volcano formed
Steps to global atmospheric circulation?
Air rises at equator, leading to low pressure and rainfall
Air reach edge of atmosphere and travels north or south
Air becomes colder and denser creating high pressure and dry conditions at 30o north and south
Large cells or air are created
Air rises again at 60 north and south and descends at 90
What global atmospheric circulation?
Transfer of heat from the equator to the poles by movement of air