Geography Test #1 Flashcards
(34 cards)
What is Geography?
Geography is the study of the changing character of the earth’s surface (distribution of people and resources.
Geo = earth Graphy = to scribe
We make use of a collection of special maps that exist in our minds what we might call our ___________
Mental Maps
Your mental map of the house or apartment where you live is going to be ___________ than your mental map of New York City or New Zealand.
More precise
What is a Map?
A map is a representation of the earth’s feature on a flat surface; a diagram.
What are the six basic features of a Map?
titles : Identifies area shown or purpose or topic
legend :Explains symbols or colours
scale :Compares distances on maps to real life date :When it was published
directions :Shows north or latitude and longitude
boarders :Separates maps of different types
Explain Road Maps
Road Maps: Provide a variety of - such as roads, water bodies, parks, towns and cities. Give a broad understanding of the location and features of an area.
Explain Thematic Maps
Thematic Maps: provide information about one particular detail. E.g., vegetation, average household income, population.
Explain Topographic Maps
Topographic Maps: provide detailed information necessary for navigation /orientation. E.g. elevation (contour lines, grid system, natural and human-made features.
5 Themes of Geography
Location – Where is it?
____________: shown by an address or co ordinations (ex. 103 Malvern Dr., Ottawa, ON or 43 degrees N 79 Degrees
_________: shown where something is in relation to something else (ex. Next to Eden High School)
- Absolute Locations
2. Relative location
Place – What is it like?
______________: ex. California = sandy beaches, abundant sunshine, mountains, valleys.
__________: ex. Toronto = high population density, multicultural, technologically advanced.
- Physical characteristics
2. Human characteristics
Human-Environment Interaction:
This theme focuses on how people respond to and modify their environment.
List 3 questions to ask
- How have people changed the environment?
- Why have they changed the environment?
- What are the consequences of these changes?
Movement:
_________ and ___________ systems that link people and places.
Involves the movement of people, products, ideas and information.
Example: highways between Windsor and Quebec City.
- Transportation
2. Communication
What are Regions?
Regions: Areas on the surface of the Earth that are defined by certain unifying characteristics. These characteristics may be physical or human.
How many compass points are there on a rose? List and name them.
there are 16 compass points on compass rose North east south west (Cardinal Points)
8 minor compass points are NNE ENE ESE SSE SSW WSW WNW NNW
they are called sub ordinal points
What are Bearings?
Draw them
They are identified using degrees on a protractor.
Always read in a clockwise direction from 0 degrees to 360 degrees (N)
Cardinal Point Bearings: N 0 degrees or 360 degrees.
Sub Ordinal Points bearing: NNE= 22.5 degrees ENE= 67. ESE=112.5 degrees
Name all the provinces and territories and their capital cities.
Provinces and Territories:
- Alberta - Quebec
- British Columbia
- Saskatchewan
- Manitoba - Northwest -Territories
- New Brunswick - Nunavut
- Newfoundland - Yukon
- Nova Scotia
- Ontario
- Prince Edward Island
2) Capital Cities: P
- Edmonton - Toronto
- Victoria - Charlottetown
- Winnipeg - Quebec City
- Fredericton - Regina
- St. John’s - Whitehorse
- Yellowknife - Iqaluit
- Halifax - Ottawa *
List all the lakes
- Great Bear Lake - Lake Huron
- Great Slave Lake - Lake Erie
- Lake Superior - Lake Ontario
- ## Lake Michigan - Lake Winnipeg
List all the rivers
- Mackenzie River
- Fraser River
- St. Lawrence River
List the Oceans
- Atlantic Ocean
- Pacific Ocean
- Arctic Ocean
List the Bays and seas
Bays: - Hudson Bay - Baffin Bay Seas: - Beaufort Sea - Labrador Sea
Scales Step One
Step 1:
Find the ratio scale on the map and copy it down.
1:1 000 000
Scales Step Two
Step 2:
Put the same units (centimetres) on both sides.
1 cm: 1 000 000 cm
Scales Step Three
Step 3:
Convert the right hand side to kilometres by dividing through by 100 000 (105). Hint: Move the decimal place five to the left.
1 cm: 10 km
Scales Step four
Step 4: Replace the ratio symbol with the word "represents". 1 cm represents 10 km REMEMBER: If the ratio scale from the map you are using does not have a 1 in the first place (i.e. 1:1 000 000) you must divide through to get the ratio into that form. Example: 2:500 000 Divide both sides by 2 to get 1:250 000
