Geography Test Unit 6 Flashcards
(29 cards)
What are the five regions of Africa?
North Africa, Mediterranean Coast, West Africa, Central Africa, Eastern Africa, South Africa
Each region has distinct geographical features and cultural significance.
What is the climate of North Africa?
Arid Climate
Characterized by dry conditions, influencing the lifestyle and economy.
Which civilizations used the trans-Saharan trade route?
Egyptians, Carthaginians, and Berbers
They exchanged gold, salt, and ivory.
What empires later utilized the trans-Saharan trade routes?
Ghana, Mali, and Songhai empires
They traded gold and salt.
What are the main economic activities in North Africa?
Agriculture, pastoralism, trade, natural resource extraction
Key crops include millet, sorghum, and dates.
Which countries are included in North Africa?
Algeria, Chad, Egypt, Libya, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Niger, Sudan, Tunisia
These countries share similar climatic and cultural characteristics.
What civilizations influenced North Africa?
Phoenician, Greek, and Roman settlers/conquerors/traders
Their cultures and trading practices shaped the region.
What significant religious spread occurred in the 7th century in North Africa?
Islamism
This laid the foundation for future empires.
Describe the climate of the Mediterranean Coast.
Hot dry summers, wet mild winters
This climate supports diverse vegetation.
What geographical feature transitions between the Mediterranean Coast and the Sahara?
Atlas Mountains
These mountains influence the climate and ecology of the region.
What is the Sahel known for?
Separating the Sahara and savanna
It is characterized as hot and semi-arid.
Which countries does the Sahel cover?
Senegal, Mauritania, Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger, Nigeria, Chad, Sudan, Eritrea
These countries experience similar climatic conditions.
What is the climate of Central Africa?
Tropical Rainforests, savanna, hot and wet
This region is rich in biodiversity.
What are some notable features of Eastern Africa?
Diverse climates, wildlife, ethnic groups, highlands, savannas, coastal plains
Home to iconic landscapes like Kilimanjaro and the Great Rift Valley.
What is the Horn of Africa?
Large Peninsula in the Red Sea and Indian Ocean
Includes countries like Ethiopia, Somalia, Eritrea, and Djibouti.
What are the main geographical features of South Africa?
Desert, grasslands, savannas
Includes Victoria Falls and the Cape of Good Hope.
What makes South Africa the wealthiest country in the region?
Gold and diamonds
These resources contribute significantly to its economy.
What are the living conditions like in Africa south of the Sahara?
Worst living conditions anywhere in the world
Despite having rich mineral resources.
What challenges does the DRC face in economic development?
Difficulty of transportation, political unrest, civil war
These factors hinder its potential despite rich resources.
What industries exist in the DRC?
Exports gold, petroleum, diamonds, copper; factories make steel, cement, tires, shoes, textiles
Despite its resources, the DRC remains economically poor.
What type of economy does Kenya have?
Developing economy with a Free Enterprise System
It is in a transitional phase of economic growth.
What was the impact of European colonization in the 1800s?
Europe claimed almost all of Africa’s land, splitting the continent into colonies
This disrupted traditional societies and economies.
When did most African nations achieve independence?
Mid 1900s
Early independence often led to political instability.
What was the governance situation in Africa post-independence?
Politically unstable, often ruled by military leaders
Economic challenges persisted due to colonial legacies.
