geography unit 1 Flashcards
(93 cards)
1
Q
Kyoto protocol
-climate change
A
A international agreement that aims to reduce the carbon dioxide
2
Q
Carbon credits
Climate change
A
Selling the the amount of co2 left over
3
Q
Emissions trading
Climate change
A
Trading their co2
4
Q
Carbon sinks
Climate change
A
Planting tress to absorb the co2 eg Amazon rainforest
5
Q
Greenhouse effect
Climate change
A
The warming of the earths atmosphere by the releases of gasses eg Meghan carbon dioxide
6
Q
Green house gases
Climate change
A
Any of the gases that contribute to the greenhouse eg methane ch4,carbon dioxide co2,water vapour and nitros oxide no2
7
Q
Global warming
Climate change
A
The increase of the average temperature due to carbon dioxide and other gases due to burning fossil fuels
8
Q
Long wave radiation
Climate change
A
Heat reflecting from the earths surface
9
Q
Short wave radiation
Climate change
A
Energy from the sun
10
Q
Keeling curve
Climate change
A
A graph showing the co2 in the earths surface since 1958
11
Q
Ippc
Climate change
A
International panelon climate change
12
Q
Climate
Climate change
A
The average weather conditions over a period of time
13
Q
Weather
Climate change
A
The state of the atmosphere
14
Q
Storm surge
Climate change
A
Rapid rise of sea level
15
Q
Drought
Climate change
A
Long period of dry weather
16
Q
Water stress
Climate change
A
Fresh water resources
17
Q
Sustainability
Climate change
A
Meeting the needs of today’s population without the needs of further generations
18
Q
Biofuels
Climate change
A
Any kind of fuel manufactured from living things or waste
19
Q
Clean energy
Climate change
A
Also known has renewable energy
Energy that comes from resource which are naturally replenished eg rain,tidal
20
Q
Carbon neutral
Climate change
A
Removing co2 from the atmosphere as we put it in
21
Q
Collision margin
Hazards
A
Plates moving towards eachother
Both plates pushed up forming fold mountains eg Himalayas
22
Q
Conservative margin
Hazard
A
Plates slides passed eachother
Friction overcomes and plate slip past in a sudden movement
Causing earthquake
23
Q
Constructive margin
Hazards
A
Plates move apart
Volcanoes are formed as magma fills the gap and eventually new crust is formed
24
Q
Destructive boundary
Hazards
A
Two plates move together Heavier plate gets pushed underneath and plate melts due to high temperatures Lots of friction causing earthquake Magma rises to form a volcanic eruption Land forms like volcanic island eg Java
25
Crust
| Hazards
The thin outer layer of the earths surface made of rock
26
Earthquake
| Hazards
The shaking of the earths surface caused by rock movement
27
Epicentre
| Hazards
The point on the ground directly above the focus of an earthquake
28
Fold mountains
| Hazards
Formed when 2 tectonics plate that move towards eachother
29
Geothermal energy
| Hazards
Energy from the hot rock,water is pumped down to the rock and turned into steam. Can be used to heat homes or make electricity. A lot of pollution
30
Island arc
| Hazards
A group of volcanoes usually situated in a curving arch
31
Lahar
| Hazards
Hot or cold mixture of water and rock fragments that flow down a volcano slopes
32
Lava
| Hazards
Melted rock that erupts from a volcano
33
Magma
| Hazards
Melted rock below the earths surface
| When reaches the surface it's called lahar
34
Mantle
| Hazards
The middle layer of the earth between the crust and core
35
Metamorphic rock
| Hazards
Formed from outer rocks that are changed because of heat or pressure
36
Plate margin
| Hazards
When oceanic and continental plates move together
37
Plate tectonics
| Hazards
The structure of the earths crust
38
Richter scale
| Hazards
A scale measuring earthquakes energy
39
Subduction zone
| Hazards
Where the plates are and causing problems such as volcanic eruptions,earthquakes ect
40
Volcano
| Hazards
A coned shaped mountain or hill formed by the lava and ash from eruptions
41
Population distribution
| Population
The spread of people across the earths surface
42
Population density
| Population
The number of people living within a given Arab usually a square kilometer
43
Rural
| Population
Living in the countryside than living in the city
44
Urban
| Population
Living in a town or city
45
Urbanisation
| Population
Increasing number of people that move to rural to urban areas
46
Counterurbanisation
| Population
People move from urban to rural areas
47
Economic migrant
| Population
A person who moves from one country to another for better living
48
Quality of life
| Population
The well being of people
49
Poverty
| Population
Being poor
50
Refugee
| Population
Someone who's been forced to leave their house due to war,natural disasters eg volcano eruptions
51
Seasonal migration
| Population
Example Moving cattle to higher ground during summer to escape heat
52
Endemic diseases
| Population
A disease in a region or people eg malaria is endemic to tropical regions
53
Family planning
| Population
Controlling the number of children to have and intervals between their births
54
Primary health care
| Population
Health care in the community for people making an initial approach to a medical practitioner or treatment
55
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Population pyramid (age-sex pyramid)
Population
```
The deaths and births of males and females over the years
56
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Aging population (greying)
Population
```
Showing the population of rising life expectancy and birth rate
57
Birth rate
| Population
Number of births per thousand people per year
58
Death rates
| Population
Number of deaths per thousand people per year
59
Natural increase
| Population
Refers to the difference between the number of birth rates and death rates occurring in a year multiples by 1000
60
Population structure
| Population
How the population is divided up between males and females do different age groups
61
Fertility rate
| Population
Represents the number of children that would be born to a women if she were to live to her child bearing years
62
Population policy
| Population
Spins seed by the government
63
Globalisation
The way the world is getting smaller due to an increase in trade
64
What does tnc stand for
| Globalization
Trans national companies
65
What is a Tnc
| Globalization
Their head quarters are in developing countries. Factories are based in developing countries eg Apple on China
66
Name bad stuff about Apple
| Globalization
Cheap labour
Work at young age
Cheap raw materials
67
Name 3 good things about Apple
| Globalization
Get taught English
Money for younger workers
Offers classes
68
When did rana plaza collapse
| Globalization
24th April last year
69
Where is the rana plaza
| Globalization
Bangladesh
70
Name a social impact for China in globalization
Chinese are experiencing more of western culture eg usa McDonalds
71
Name a environmental impact for China in globalization
Cities such as Beijing have major pollution problems
72
Name a economic impact in China of globalization
More tncs have set up in China
73
Name two positive factors for the polish coming to the uk social
Over 500 polish doctors have migrated to the uk. Massive strain on GP better to get polish doctors
Polish shops come to uk to sell their sell
74
Name a negative factor for the polish coming to the UK social
In 2007 there were 42 reports to police about Attacks by uk people do the polish and there's a hate crime
75
Two positives and two negatives for the polish coming to UK economic
Polishs employ uk workers
They pay tax which can be used for schools,hospitals ext
Negative
Schools getting overcrowded
Polish get benefits if been here for 12 months
76
Social negatives and positives for the polish for the their people coming to uk
They learn English can get a better job.
British people don't want to work so lots of jobs for polish
More jobs,schools,hospital can't speak other lasso more jobs for polish
77
Economic negatives and positives for the polish for their people coming to the uk
Negative
Young moving leaving old people there unable to do certain jobs
Positive
They send money to their family
78
Tariff
| Globalization
Adding tax
79
Subsidy
| Globalization
Grants of money made by the government to maintain the price of a specific industrial eg milk farmers receiver subsidy for milk
80
Quota
| Globalization
A Limit to how much a country can give goods to another country.
81
Trading bloc
| Globalization
A country in a group eg eu trading goods equally and no tax
82
Free trade
| Globalization
Trading without tariffs no barriers eg fair trade and cadburys
83
Protectionism
| Globalization
Protecting home industries by taxing goods from foreign countries
84
Dumping
| Globalization
Selling it for low prices cheaper than local farmers can sell them.
85
Dumping
| Globalization
Selling it for low prices cheaper than local farmers can sell them.
86
Why is dumping good for us
| Globalization
Our farmers make money and Ghana farmers don't And when they don't they can lose their land and loss of money they wouldn't lower their prices. They can't put tariffs on uk food there to poor
87
Why is dumping good for us
| Globalization
Our farmers make money and Ghana farmers don't And when they don't they can lose their land and loss of money they wouldn't lower their prices. They can't put tariffs on uk food there to poor
88
Independence
| Globalization
When countries relay on each other
89
Independence
| Globalization
When countries relay on each other
90
Dumping milk in wets Africa
| Globalization
We're sending them powdered milk but they kill babies because they haven't got clean water eg Mali we charge the powder cheaper than local farmers
91
Dumping milk in wets Africa
| Globalization
We're sending them powdered milk but they kill babies because they haven't got clean water eg Mali we charge the powder cheaper than local farmers
92
Impacts for dumping chicken
| Globalization
They say our food is awful and tasteless but our food is cheaper we give them leftover chicken they would have to get use to it, it would take time
We make money they don't they lose livelihood and farm we don't
93
Impacts for dumping chicken
| Globalization
They say our food is awful and tasteless but our food is cheaper we give them leftover chicken they would have to get use to it, it would take time
We make money they don't they lose livelihood and farm we don't
