Geography Unit 2 resource management

Question 1

What are the 3 main resources in the world?

Answer 1

Food, water and energy

Question 2

What was the demand for food like before the 1960s?

Answer 2

-Locally produced meats
-Food was preserved
-Only in season food was grown (strawberries in summer)

Question 3

What is the demand for food like now?

Answer 3

-We can eat all foods all year round
-More food is getting imported
-Seasonal goods are imported as it is cheaper than growing it in the UK.
-High demand for organic produce
-47% of food which are imported come from LICs.

Question 4

What are two methods that the UK can use to reduce the reliance on imported foods?

Answer 4

1. We can grow seasonal foods such as: apples and pears in the winter and berries in the summer.
2. We can also eat locally produced foods from farmers markets and local farm shops.

Question 5

What does carbon footprint mean?

Answer 5

The amount of greenhouse gas produced during growing, packaging and transporting of food.

Question 6

What does agribusiness mean?

Answer 6

Large-scale industrial farming where processes are controlled by large firms.

Question 7

What does food miles mean?

Answer 7

The distance food is transported to the market.

Question 8

What does seasonal produce mean?

Answer 8

Food that is not available all year round meaning that you can only buy it in certain months.

Question 9

What is energy mix?

Answer 9

The range of energy sources of a region or country, both renewable and non-renewable.

Question 10

What are the 3 fossil fuels?

Answer 10

-coal
-oil
-gas

Question 11

What are the changes to the fossil fuels?(coal)

Answer 11

Coal
-All coal powered power stations to be shut down by 2025
-Concern about greenhouse gas emissions

Question 12

What are the changes to fossil fuels?(oil)

Answer 12

Oil
-oil fields are less accessible and the UKs production is declining

Question 13

What are the changes to fossil fuels? (gas)

Answer 13

Gas
-North sea gas is running out
-Costs are increasing

Question 14

What is fracking?

Answer 14

Fracking is the process of extracting natural gas from shale rocks which are deep within the earth. This shale gas is then used for energy

Question 15

Water on the west side of the UK?

Answer 15

-high levels of rainfall.
-Water surplus
-low population: lake district, highlands

Question 16

Water on the east side of the UK?

Answer 16

-low rainfall
-water deficit
-High population: London, cities

Question 17

What is Water surplus?

Answer 17

When areas have more water than they need.

Question 18

What is Water deficit?

Answer 18

When areas have less water then they need for the population.

Question 19

What is Water stress?

Answer 19

Areas which suffer from prolonged water deficit.

Question 20

Why is water demand increasing in the UK?

Answer 20

-high population
-people using washing machines and dishwashers
-farming
-showering

Question 21

Causes of poor water quality?

Answer 21

-Chemicals runoff from farmland
-Water that is used to cool power stations gets released into rivers

Question 22

impacts of poor water quality?

Answer 22

• food is contaminated by run off
  -health issues from drinking dirty water

Question 23

How to manage poor water quality?

Answer 23

-Water treatment
-Green water to filter pollution
-repair old pipes

Question 24

What is a water transfer scheme?

Answer 24

Where water moves from an area with water surplus to an area with a water deficit.

Question 25

Weaknesses of water transfer schemes?

Answer 25

To pump the water it uses fossil fuels which have a negative impact on the environment.

Question 26

What is Physical water scarcity?

Answer 26

Not enough water due to natural factors such as: climate and pollution.

Question 27

What is economic water scarcity?

Answer 27

Areas have water but do not have the money to access it.

Question 28

Why is water consumption increasing?(1)

Answer 28

rising population -80 million people per year -70% of freshwater used for farming because we need to grow more crops for more people.

Question 29

Why is water consumption increasing?(2)

Answer 29

15% of global water is used for energy production.

Question 30

Name factors that affect the availability of water?

Answer 30

-climate -pollution -over abstraction

Question 31

Impacts of water insecurity?

Answer 31

-Food production -Industry -Conflict -Pollution

Question 32

Name 3 ways to increase water supply on a LARGE-SCALE?

Answer 32

1. Water transfer schemes 2. Dams 3. Desalination

Question 33

Advantages of a water transfer scheme?

Answer 33

provides places with water if it was water stress or water deficit.

Question 34

Advantages of Dams?

Answer 34

- More regular flow all year round - prevents flooding - produces hydro electric power

Question 35

Disadvantages of Dams?

Answer 35

- Very expensive to construct - Water in the dam can evaporate in hot countries

Question 36

Disadvantages of water transfer scheme?

Answer 36

They can cause social ,local and environmental problems

Question 37

What is desalination?

Answer 37

Where you remove salt from seawater to produce freshwater.

Question 38

Advantages of desalination?

Answer 38

-Supplies 98% of Dubai's freshwater -Can help countries which have a sea near to them.

Question 39

Disadvantages of desalination?

Answer 39

- Expensive - takes up a lot of energy - more carbon emissions

Question 40

What is our case-study for a Large scale water transfer?

Answer 40

Chinas North to south transfer project.

Question 41

How much does the project cost?

Answer 41

70 billion USD

Question 42

How will the water be transported?

Answer 42

Through aqueducts, canals and tunnels

Question 43

Advantages of the project

Answer 43

-Supplies water from areas with low population to areas with higher populations and water deficits. -prevents flooding -Provides water for farming

Question 44

Disadvantages of the project

Answer 44

- 300,000 people have to be re-located -600 rivers have dried up due to the artificial rivers -It is very expensive

Question 45

What are the 3 sustainable strategies to increase water supply?

Answer 45

1. Water conservation 2. Groundwater Management 3. Recycling grey water

Question 46

What is water conservation?

Answer 46

Where you save and conserve water for example: short showers and baths.

Question 47

What is groundwater management?

Answer 47

It is where water is in little lakes called aquifers underneath the ground and LIC's relay on them as a water source.

Question 48

What is recycling and grey water?

Answer 48

To recycle and use the water again for example your bath and shower water can be used to water the plants or your garden.