Geography year 8 Flashcards
(21 cards)
What is weather
Weather is the day to day changes in the atmosphere
What is climate
Climate is the average weather for a place over a long time like how hot it is on average.
What is an ecosystem
A total interconnected environment including soils vegetation animals humans and climate, together with their interaction they vary in size and range from whole biomes like a rainforest to a pond
Layers in a rainforest
Emergent
Canopy
Understory
Forest floor
Threats to the rainforest
Oil spills and toxic waste are paid for the environment but oil is what makes Brazil rich
Tribes
The Yanomami in the Amazon rainforest grow their own crops like bananas and hunt. They are lead by a common ancestor
Climate of a dessert
Deserts are often hot dry and have an abundance of sun but a lack of rain. The Sahara gets around 250 mL of rain yeah and has temperatures of 30 to 40°C with highs of 50°C at night it has loads of -4°C in other deserts like the Atacama in South America has never rained
Adaptations
Camels have adapted to the extreme deserts with things like pads that they have on their feet and chest this allows them to walk on the burning sand and lay down they have two eyelids and thick eyelashes to keep sand out in the sandstorm.
What are the plate boundaries
Convergent is when two plates collide
Divergent is when plates move apart
Transform slide past each other
Scales
The mercalli scale is an observation of damage has been done from 1-12. This is opinion
The rhicter scale measures the magnitude of earthquakes
Primary effects
Broken roads
Bent railroads
Bridges topple
Buildings fall
Secondary
Fires
Repairs needed
Tsunamis
Homelessness
What time did Kobe earthquake happen
17th of January 1995 at 5:46
What did the Kobe Earthquake measure
7.2 rhicter scale
Why is Japan prone to earthquakes
It’s on a triple subduction and the pacific, Philippines and Eurasian plates are right underneath Japan. It’s near a destructive plate margin
Effects of the Kobe earthquake
Topples roadways
5,500 deaths
Traditional houses have a pancake effect
Responses of the Kobe Eathquake
Emergency services search for people under houses but are delayed because they couldn’t get through the town
Water manes are burst which makes fire fighters useless
3 types of rainfall
Conventional
Relief
Frontal
Frontal rainfall
When hot and cold air meet and rise. The moisture cools and forms clouds. It starts light and gets heavier. Common in Uk
Relief Rainfall
Wind carries moisture into the hills which results in condensation and precipitation. Behind the hill the moisture dries. This is known as a rain shadow
Types of biomes
Polar
Tundra
Desert
Tropical Rainforest
