Geologic Time

Question 1

End of Precambrian

Answer 1

Because life began to flourish (Animals began to have hard, scales on them)

Question 2

End of Paleozoic

Answer 2

“The Great Dying”

Question 3

End of Mesozoic

Answer 3

Meteor hits Earth

Question 4

Difference b/w geologic eons, eras, periods, and epochs

Answer 4

Eons are subdivided into eras, which are subdivided into periods, which are subdivided into epochs

Question 5

How did the core form? (Precambrian)

Answer 5

Iron collected from nebular debris melted due to increasing temperature on Earth, then sunk into middle of Earth

Question 6

how did Oceans form? (Precambrian)

Answer 6

Earth began to cool, and water vapor began to condense to form clouds, which caused torrential rains

Question 7

How an oxygen atmosphere formed? (Precambrian)

Answer 7

From stromatolites

Question 8

What was the first life?

Answer 8

Bacteria that did not need oxygen, and could withstand high temperature and pressure

Question 9

What was the dominate life form in Paleozoic?

Answer 9

Trilobites

Question 10

What did the globe look like during Paleozoic Era?

Answer 10

Gondwanaland; North America near equator and most of world still under water

Question 11

What is Gondwandaland?

Answer 11

Southern continents joined into a single landmass during Paleozoic

Question 12

What is Laurasia?

Answer 12

Landmasses that broke away from Gondwandaland in Northern Hempishpere

Question 13

When did most of the coal deposits form?

Answer 13

Paleozoic during Mississippian due to the forests of the time

Question 14

When did the first fish appear

Answer 14

Ordiovcian Period during Paleozoic era (505 mya)

Question 15

When was the age of fishes ?

Answer 15

Devonian Period (408 Mya) during Paleozoic era

Question 16

What was the biggest mass extinction?

Answer 16

The Great Dying which ended the Paleozoic era

Question 17

What was the Great Dying?

Answer 17

Caused by Siberian Traps which produced C02, which warmed the atmosphere and oceans, which killed 95% of ocean species because warm water can’t hold CO2, which made bacteria that produces hydrogen sulfide (poison) flourish, Hydrogen Sulfide bubble into atmosphere, causing 95% of land species to die

Question 18

Climate of Mesozoic

Answer 18

Warm, dry climate

Question 19

Dominate life of Mesozoic Era?

Answer 19

Dinasaurs

Question 20

Triassic Dinosaurs

Answer 20

Small

Question 21

Cretaceous Dinosaurs

Answer 21

intelligent and large

Question 22

Evidence that supports the asteroid theory as the reason for dinosaur extinction

Answer 22

Irridium-> and element found in space rocks was found worldwide in K/T rock; Shocked quartz found in K/T rocks; Crater found

Question 23

What can fossil footprints tell us?

Answer 23

Help to understand dino behavior; Learn if a specific dino travels in herd or not; Can estimate the speed and gait of the dino; Can estimate the size of the dino

Question 24

Dominate life of Cenozoic

Answer 24

Birds and mammals

Question 25

When did humans appear during the Cenozoic era?

Answer 25

The Quaternary Period

Question 26

Mammoths

Answer 26

Curved tusks; Related to modern elephants

Question 27

Mastodons

Answer 27

Straight tusks; Michigan's state fossil

Question 28

When did the Earth form?

Answer 28

4.6 million years ago

Question 29

How did the moon form?

Answer 29

From an astrode hitting Earth, and pushing rock into the ring around Earth; The debris came together to form the moon

Question 30

How did the first continents form?

Answer 30

Tectonic plates allowed for lava and volcanos to emerge, creating volcanic islands from lava; The islands came together to form continents

Question 31

What is Pangea?

Answer 31

A super continents that was broken up due to tectonic plates

Question 32

Cold Oysters Seldom Develop Many Precious Pearls, Their Congeal Too Quickly

Answer 32

Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian, Mississippian, Pennsylvanian, Permian, Triassic, Jurassic, Cretaceous, Tertiary Quaternary

Question 33

Put Eggs On My Plate Please Homer

Answer 33

Paleocene, Eocene, Oligocene, Miocene, Pliocene, Pleistocene, Holocene

Question 34

Cambrian

Answer 34

First shelled organsims; Trilobites dominate

Question 35

ordovician

Answer 35

First Fish

Question 36

Silurian

Answer 36

First land plant

Question 37

Devonian

Answer 37

First amphibians

Question 38

Mississippian

Answer 38

Large primitive trees; Coal

Question 39

pennsylvanian

Answer 39

Abundant insects; First reptiles

Question 40

Permian

Answer 40

End of trilobites and other marine animals

Question 41

Triassic

Answer 41

First dinosaurs (small); Primitive mammals (have fur)

Question 42

Jurassic

Answer 42

First Birds/mammals; Abundant dinosaurs (reaching larger sizes)

Question 43

Cretaceous

Answer 43

First flowering plants; Seasons due to cooling; Pangea splits; T-Rex and raptors (intelligent dinosaurs)

Question 44

K/T Boundary

Answer 44

Division between Cretaceous and Tertiary

Question 45

Tertiary

Answer 45

Climate continues to cool; First Primates

Question 46

Quaternary

Answer 46

Ice Age; Formation of Great Lakes; First Hominoids; Mammoths and Mastodons

Question 47

Paleocene

Answer 47

First Primates

Question 48

Eocene

Answer 48

First Horse

Question 49

oligocene

Answer 49

Dogs, cats, and pigs

Question 50

miocene

Answer 50

Arctic become covered with ice

Question 51

Pliocenes

Answer 51

First hominoids

Question 52

How to become a fossil

Answer 52

1. Animal dies; 2. Needs to be quickly buried (in order to avoid being eaten or rotting); 3. Conditions must be perfect (Perfect temp, pressure, acidity, chemical comp, moisture levels); 4. Water infused with minerals must seep into bones, where, overtime, bone decay and is replaced by rock like minerals

Question 53

Geologic Time calendar Conversion

Answer 53

365/4,600,000,000 x Days before present (Dec.31) / Age you want to know

Question 54

Precambrian era ended because...

Answer 54

Life began to flourish due to having enough o2 in atmosphere

Question 55

Era

Answer 55

Mass extinction of dominant species

Question 56

Period

Answer 56

New dominant species

Question 57

Epoch

Answer 57

New dominant mammal

Question 58

When will the Cenozoic era end?

Answer 58

When there is a mass extinction

Question 59

Paleozoic animals

Answer 59

Trilobite; crinoid; colonial coral; fern; horn coral ; brachiopod ; fish; cephalopod

Question 60

Stromatolites

Answer 60

Precambrian

Question 61

Ammonite

Answer 61

Mesozoic

Question 62

Laurasia

Answer 62

Northern Hemisphere

Question 63

Laurasia + Gondwanaland

Answer 63

Pangea

Question 64

Order of events of Precambrian

Answer 64

1. Meteorites combine to form earth; 2. Iron sinks to center of earth;3. Moon formed; 4. Volcanoes create first atmosphere; 5. Comet hits earth and brings water to planet; 6. Relentless rain floods entire earth; 7. First life on earth appears (Cyanobacteria); 8. Banded iron formations form; 9. Stromatolites release o2 into atmosphere; 10. Pangea forms

Question 65

Longest era

Answer 65

Precambrian