Geology Lab Exam

Question 1

Fine foliation

Answer 1

phyllites, slates, some schists

Question 2

Intermediate foliation

Answer 2

most schists

Question 3

Coarse foliation

Answer 3

gneiss

Question 4

Which minerals define the foliation of phyllites, slates, and schists?

Answer 4

micas

Question 5

Which minerals define the foliation of gneiss?

Answer 5

quartz, orthoclase plagioclase, plagioclase feldspar, and biotite

Question 6

Which two rocks are pure?

Answer 6

Quartzite (metamorphic) and marble (metamorphic)

Question 7

Protolith for slate, phyllite, schists

Answer 7

mudstone

Question 8

Protolith for gneiss

Answer 8

granite

Question 9

Protolith for marble

Answer 9

limestone

Question 10

protolith for quartzite

Answer 10

sandstone

Question 11

Metamorphic rock grade rating

Answer 11

gneiss > schists > phyllite > slate

Question 12

Felsic, coarse-grained

minerals are: (quartz, orthoclase > plagioclase, micas, amphibole)

Answer 12

granite

Question 13

Felsic, fine-grained

minerals: (quartz, orthoclase > plagioclase, micas, amphibole)

Answer 13

rhyolite

Question 14

50% mafic, 50% felsic, coarse-grained

minerals: (orthoclase < plagioclase, biotite, amphibole, pyroxene)

Answer 14

diorite

Question 15

50% mafic, 50% felsic, finee-grained

minerals: (orthoclase < plagioclase, biotite, amphibole, pyroxene)

Answer 15

andesite

Question 16

mafic, coarse-grained

minerals: (olivine, pyroxene, plagioclase)

Answer 16

gabbro

Question 17

mafic, fine-grained

minerals: (olivine, pyroxene, plagioclase)

Answer 17

basalt

Question 18

ultramafic-mafic, coarse-grained

minerals: olivine with some pyroxene

Answer 18

peridotite

Question 19

fine-grained. black, dark, reddish brown, glassy rock

Answer 19

obsidian

Question 20

bubbly, very light, felsic, white to gray; vesicular obsidian

Answer 20

pumice

Question 21

resembles a sponge, very light, mafic, brown to reddish brown; vesicular basalt

Answer 21

scoria

Question 22

What is a mineral?

Answer 22

Naturally occurring, solid, inorganic, definite chemical composition, ordered crystalline structure

Question 23

magnetic mineral

Answer 23

magnetite

Question 24

minerals are on

Answer 24

letters

Question 25

rocks are on

Answer 25

numbers

Question 26

silvery gray to black, rubs off fingers and hands, H1

Answer 26

graphite

Question 27

pale brass yellow, cubic/ octahedron habit, H6-6.5

Answer 27

pyrite

Question 28

brass yellow, green-black streak, H3.5-4

Answer 28

chalcopyrite

Question 29

shiny silver-gray, heavy, cubic

Answer 29

galena

Question 30

silver gray, black, red, red to red-red brown streak, metallic to earthy luster

Answer 30

hematite

Question 31

yellow-brown, resinous to sub-metallic luster, white to pale yellow streak, dodecahedron

Answer 31

sphalerite

Question 32

yellow brown to dark brown, earthy luster

Answer 32

limonite

Question 33

flesh-colored to white, exsolution lamellae

Answer 33

orthoclase feldspar

Question 34

gray to white, striations

Answer 34

plagioclase feldspar

Question 35

glassy, conchoidal fracture, hexagonal habit

Answer 35

quartz

Question 36

green to yellow-green, glassy, H7

Answer 36

olivine

Question 37

colorless to white, cubic habit

Answer 37

halite

Question 38

fizzes with HCl

Answer 38

calcite

Question 39

white to transparent, easily scratched with fingernail

Answer 39

gypsum

Question 40

green to white, soapy to greasy feel, white streak

Answer 40

talc

Question 41

dark green to black, dull to glassy luster

Answer 41

pyroxene

Question 42

dark green to black, glassy luster

Answer 42

amphibole

Question 43

hexagonal prisms, triangular pattern of striations, earthy luster

Answer 43

corundum

Question 44

commonly dark red (can be red, purple, yellow, green), dodecahedron

Answer 44

garnet

Question 45

opaque brow-honey brown prisms, cross-shaped twins

Answer 45

staurolite

Question 46

green to green-black, white streak

Answer 46

chlorite mica

Question 47

black to brown, thin flexible sheets, gray-brown streak

Answer 47

biotite mica

Question 48

transparent colors, hexagonal prisms, conchoidal fracture

Answer 48

apatite

Question 49

opaque green to gray-green, dull to silky masses, white streak

Answer 49

serpentine

Question 50

clastic, fizzes in HCl

Answer 50

limestone

Question 51

clastic, dominantly calcite shell with minor cement

Answer 51

coquina

Question 52

clastic, soft and silty, earthy rock composed of microfossils

Answer 52

chalk

Question 53

non-clastic, colorless to white, salty

Answer 53

rock salt

Question 54

(gray, brown, black, mottled colors), H7, conchoidal

Answer 54

chert

Question 55

white, gray, reddish, colorless, easily scratched with fingernail

Answer 55

rock gypsum

Question 56

only fizzes in HCl when powdered, light colored

Answer 56

dolostone

Question 57

organic material, black, sooty, brittle

Answer 57

coal

Question 58

clastic, gravel (>2mm), mostly angular or sub-angular grains

Answer 58

breccia

Question 59

clastic, gravel (>2mm), mostly sub-rounded grains

Answer 59

conglomerate

Question 60

clastic, sand (within barely visible to 2mm), mostly quartz sand

Answer 60

quartz sandstone

Question 61

clastic, sand (within barely visible to 2mm), quartz and feldspar sand

Answer 61

arkosic sandstone

Question 62

clastic, sand (within barely visible to 2mm), quartz sand and rock fragments in a clay matrix

Answer 62

greywacke sandstone

Question 63

clastic, silt (barely feel grains), may contain fossils

Answer 63

siltstone

Question 64

clastic, clay (feels smooth), may contain fossils, shale breaks into layers; mudstone crumbles into blocks

Answer 64

shale/mudstone