Geology List 3

Question 1

Oscillation that travels, moving energy from one place to another.

Answer 1

Wave

Question 2

A material through which a wave travels.

Answer 2

Medium

Question 3

Vibrations that carry the energy released during an earthquake.

Answer 3

Seismic Waves.

Question 4

A movement of earth’s crust that occurs when rocks in the crust suddenly shift, releasing stored energy.

Answer 4

Earthquake

Question 5

A device that can detect and record seismic waves.

Answer 5

Seismograph

Question 6

The process by which oceanic crust sinks into the mantle through a trench.

Answer 6

Subduction

Question 7

A small step on the ground surface where one side of a surface has moved vertically with respect to the other.

Answer 7

Fault Scarp

Question 8

A longitudinal wave that arrives first at a location after an earthquake.

Answer 8

P Wave

Question 9

Transverse wave that is created by an earthquake, that arrives at a location after the primary wave.

Answer 9

S wave

Question 10

The point on the earth’s surface directly above the focus of an earthquake.

Answer 10

Epicenter

Question 11

The location beneath the earth’s surface where an earthquake begins.

Answer 11

Focus

Question 12

The creation of a wave through a disturbance in a medium.

Answer 12

Propagation

Question 13

A smaller earthquake following the main shock of a large earthquake.

Answer 13

After shock

Question 14

A block of lithosphere that consists of the crust and the rigid outermost part of the mantle.

Answer 14

Tectonic plates

Question 15

A force that acts on rock to change its shape or volume.

Answer 15

Stress

Question 16

A type of seismic wave hat forms when P-waves and S-waves reach earth’s surface.

Answer 16

Surface Waves

Question 17

The theory that pieces of the earth’s lithosphere, called plates, move about slowly on top of the asthenosphere.

Answer 17

Theory of Plate Tectonics

Question 18

A layer of hot but solid rock beneath the earth’s crust.

Answer 18

Mantle

Question 19

Made of hot solid metal approximately 1220 Km thick.

Answer 19

Inner Core

Question 20

Made of hot molten metal approximately 22260 Km thick.

Answer 20

Outer Core

Question 21

A part of the lithosphere made up of relatively cool rigid rock.

Answer 21

Earth’s Crust

Question 22

The boundary between two tectonic plates.

Answer 22

Ridge

Question 23

A long depression in the ocean floor where old oceanic crust sinks into the mantle.

Answer 23

Trench

Question 24

A layer of relatively cool, rigid rock that includes the uppermost part of the mantle as well as the earth’s crust.

Answer 24

Lithosphere

Question 25

A Layer of softer, weaker rock beneath the earth's lithosphere, which can flow slowly.

Answer 25

Asthenosphere

Question 26

A break in the earth's crust.

Answer 26

Fault

Question 27

Form at surface from lava and inside the crust from magma that has cooled. Ex. granite and basalts.

Answer 27

Igneous Rock

Question 28

Form as a result of weathering or erosion Ex. Limestone and shale.

Answer 28

Sedimentary Rock

Question 29

Form under conditions of extreme temperature and pressure change, Ex. gneiss and marble

Answer 29

Metamorphic Rock.

Question 30

Boundary where two plates come together. Ex mountains are formed.

Answer 30

Convergent Boundary

Question 31

Boundary where two plates are separating Ex. valley, ridges, are formed.

Answer 31

Divergent Boundary

Question 32

Boundary where plates slide parallel to teach other, can cause earthquake, See California

Answer 32

Transform Boundary

Question 33

The opening in the earth that volcanic materials get erupted from.

Answer 33

Volcano Vent

Question 34

The pocket beneath a volcano where magma collects.

Answer 34

Magma Chamber

Question 35

A cloud of ash that forms in the air after some volcanic eruptions.

Answer 35

Ash Cloud

Question 36

An igneous rock layer formed when magma hardens beneath the earth's surface.

Answer 36

Intrusion

Question 37

A long high sea wave caused by an earthquake, submarine landslide, or other disturbance.

Answer 37

Tsunami