Geospatical Data Fundamentals Flashcards
(18 cards)
Spatial Model
Basic properties and process for a set of spatial features
Spatial model
——-According to Bolstad
- Cartographic Model
- Spatial
- Network Models
Cartographic Model
Temporarily static, combined spatial datasets, operations and functions for problem solving
Spatial- Temporal Models
Dynamics in space and time, time-driven Process
Network Models
Modeling of resources (flow, accumulation) as limited to networks
Spatial Model
———According to Goodchild
- Data Models
- Static Modeling
- Dynamic Modeling
Data Models
Entities and fields as conceptual models
Static Modeling
Taking inputs to transform them into outputs using sets of tools and functions
Dynamic Modeling
Iterative, sets of initial conditions, apply transformations to obtain a series of predictions at time intervals
Spatial Model
———According to DeMers
- Based on purpose descriptive
- Based on methodology stochastic
- Based on logic inductive
Based on purpose descriptive
Passive, description of the study area prescriptive - active, imposing best solution
Based on methodology stochastic
Based on statistical probabilities deterministic- based on known functional linkage and interactions
Based on logic inductive
General models based on individual data deductive from general to specific using known factors and relationships
Vector
Coordinate based data model that represents
1. Points
2. Lines
3. Polygons
Vector: Points
Discrete locations on the ground
* Represented by a coordinate pair
Vector: Lines
Linear features, such as rivers,roads, and transmission cables
** Composed of vertices
***Begin and end at vertices
**Represented by an ordered list of vertices
Vector: Polygons
Form bounded areas, such as islands, land masses, and water features
**Composed of nodes and vertices
***The start mode is the same as the end node
Raster
Composed of rectangular arrays of regularly spaced square grid cells and each cell has a value (attribute)
A. Examples include soil pH, elevation, salinity of water body
B. Single or multiple bands
C. Each cell has 1 attribute value
D. Raster coordinates are stored by ordering the matrix
