GERD / PERITONITITS

Question 1

what is GERD?

Answer 1

Backflow of gastric contents from the cardio esophageal sphincter

Question 2

what is the other reason for GERD

Answer 2

impaired cardio esophageal sphincter

Question 3

4 clinical manifestations of GERD

Answer 3

1. Pyrosis
2. Dysphagia
3. Bitter taste in mouth
4. Indigestion

Question 4

what is pyrosis

Answer 4

heartburn

Question 5

what is dysphagia

Answer 5

difficulty of swallowing

Question 6

Medications for GERD

Answer 6

Antacids
H2 Blockers
Proton Pump Inhibitors

Question 7

MOA for Antacids
(Calcium Carbonate, Sodium Bicarbonate)

Answer 7

helps neutralize stomach acids

Question 8

MOA for H2 Blockers
(Famotidine, Ranitidine)

Answer 8

blocks histamine receptors in the stomach lining therefore reduces production of stomach acid

Question 9

MOA for Proton Pump Inhibitors
(Omeprazole, Pantoprazole)

Answer 9

Blocks hydrogen, potassium, and ATP in parietal cells which are the last step in acid production

Question 10

Give 4 nursing interventions for GERD

Answer 10

1. Avoid irritant foods
2. After eating place px in semi fowlers or sitting position after 1 hr
3. Small meals (6 to 8 per day)
4. Educate not to use antacids excessively

Question 11

What are the 5 food irritants

Answer 11

1. Greasy foods
2. Citrus
3. Caffeine
4. Chocolate
5. Milk

Question 12

Why should the px not eat large meals?

Answer 12

large meals can cause increase acid production

Question 13

Why do u need to place the px in a sitting position?

Answer 13

To prevent backflow of gastric juices

Question 14

What is the effect of excessive use of antacids?

Answer 14

it can cause rebound acidity, since antacids only decreases the gastric pH - it causes the body to compensate therefore the body produces more gastric acids

Question 15

What is the surgical management for GERD called?

Answer 15

Nissen Fundoplication

Question 16

What does the nissen fundoplication do?

Answer 16

The surgeon wraps around the fundus in the cardio esophageal sphincter which acts as pressure and prevents backflow

Question 17

What is peritonitis?

Answer 17

The inflammation of the peritoneum

Question 18

What is a peritoneum?

Answer 18

It is a serous membrane/tissue that lines the abdominal wall & covers most of the abdominal organs

Question 19

What type of peritonitis is when there is a spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and when ascitic fluid has bacterial infection

Answer 19

Primary Peritonitis

Question 20

What type of peritonitis is when there is a perforation of abdominal organs causing spillage which infects the peritoneum

Answer 20

Secondary Peritonitis

Question 21

It occurs to immunocompromised patients

Answer 21

Tertiary Peritonitis