Geriatrics Flashcards
Geriatrics
This is the branches of medicine covering old age an the disease arising from it
Objectives of Geriatrics
1: student should be able to describe a geriatric patient physically an emotionally. 2:Assist patient with reality orientation. 3:Create a safe environment for the geriatric patient, 4:Safely assist with ambulation. 5:Give skin care, or bed sore care. 6:Assist the bed bound patient. 7: list and define common chronic condition of the geriatric patient
DEFINE THE FOLLOWING. Gerontology:
This is the study of old age an the aging process and it’s effects on the older person.
Old age:
This is the normal process of time related changes that occur throughout life. Old age is a part of the human development and it’s the final stage of the final cycle of man
Psycho Geriatric:
This is the study and treatment of psychology and psychiatric problem of the aged.
Senility:
This is the state of being old physically and mentally. Senility relates to the involuntary changes associated with the old.
Geriatric nursing:
Geriatrics is the branch of medicine that deals with the structural changes, physiological disease and hygiene of the old person.
Five (5) common disease that affect the elderly,
1: Alzheimer disease.
2: Diabetes Mellitus
3: Hypertension
4: Pneumonia
5: Parkinson’s disease.
Explain the stage and symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease:
1: Forgetfulness: Lock of judgement, cannot organize words and unable to add or subtract. 2: Confusional Stage: They are no longer able to hold a job, they have tantrums and very little emotional control and may run away. 3: Personal Carelessness: These patient refuse to bathe, they may get dress in the middle of the night to go to work, they are unable to button clothing, tie shoes lace and dress appropriately. 4: Crying Episodes: Common hyperactivity increases day and night they are completely confused,they constantly cry for no reason at all, 5: Incontinence of bladder an bowel: Unable to hold urine an faeces they are unable to speak, increased agitation an complete helplessness
Safety measures of Alzheimer’s disease
1: make sure bed rails are up. 2: keep medications out of patient reach. 3: Keep sharp instruments away from patient
4: Ensure careful observation of patient. 5: Encourage patient independent. 6: Provide continuous orientation to reality. 7: Assist with hygiene care. 5: Assist with meeting nutritional needs
Define Diabetes Mellitus
The is a disturbance of the carbohydrate metabolism, Because of the imbalance of the hormone insulin. Insulin is needed to allow the uptake of glucose by the cell, so that it can be metabolized.
Define Emphysema
This occurs when the tiny bronchioles of the lungs becomes plugged with mucus. The lungs become less elastic and the air inhaled is trapped in the lungs, making breathing difficult especially during exhalation
define Pneumonia
An acute inflammation or infection of the lungs. Deep breathing and coughing are necessary to prevent pooling of secretions, which is a common condition occurring in the geriatric patient who remains in the same position for a long period of time.
Three (3) signs and symptoms
1: Difficulty in breathing. 2: Chest pain. 3: Elevated temperature. Two (2) Nutrition 1: Give fruit juice rice in vitamin C. 2: Vitamins an mineral supplements
3: Semi-sold appetizer
Define Myocardial Infarction (heart attack)
This is death of the heart muscles due to an interruption on blood supply
3 s/s
1: stabbing chest pain
2: difficult breathing
3: tired
4: dizziness
2 Causes
1: smoking
2: stress
3 Treatments
1: bed rest
2: High protein diet
3: low cholesterol diet
4: Aspirin
