Geriatrics Flashcards
(24 cards)
4 specific meds that are associated with increased risk of hospitalization due to adverse drug reaction
Warfarin
PO anti platelet agents
Insulin
PO hypoglycemic agents
Central visual field loss due to chronic progressive dz. Fundoscopic exam reveals bright, yellow deposits (druse) in the retina. It can be atrophic/dry or exudative/wet
Age-related macular degeneration
Age-related macular degeneration RF
Age
Smoking
HTN
Age-related macular degeneration Tx for WET type
Photodynamic therapy + intravitreal anti-VEGF injections (bevacizumab or ranibizumab)
Daytime freq, nocturia, bothersome urgency
Urge incontinence
Constant dribbling of urine, incomplete emptying of bladder, enlarged bladder, increased postpaid residual urine
Overflow incontinence
Unable to get to bathroom on time b/c of mental / physical limitations
Functional incontinence
Urge incontinence tx
bladder training exercises
Antimuscarinic agents (oxybutynin, tolterodine)
Overflow incontinence mx
Confirm urine retention with US
Check for stool impaction
Stop anticholinergics
Intermittent cath
Functional incontinence tx
Prompted urination
Which kind of mattresses/overlay is good in preventing pressure injury? Advanced static OR Alternating air mattresses
Advanced static
Stage 2 pressure ulcer tx
Occlusive (hydrocolloid) dressing
Optimal BMI in older patients
24-29
1st line therapy for Constipation
Psyllium (bulk laxative) then
Low dose polyethylene glycol (osmotic laxative)
MMSE score that is suggestive of dementia
MoCA score that is suggestive of dementia
<24/30
<26
Which one is more sensitive for mild cognitive impairment? MMSE or MoCA
MoCA <26
MiniCog assessment for dementia (2) questions
Able to recall 3 items (if recalls 1-2 items) —>
Perform clock drawing test
Most important differentiation between Dementia and Mild Cognitive impairment is
Functioning is preserved in MCI
What differentiate MCI from Dementia in equivocal cases
Neuropsychiatric testing
MCI treatment
No tx
CV risk reduction
Alzheimer dementia tx
- mild
- mod to severe
MILD - cholinesterase inh (donepezil, rivastigmine)
MOD-SEVERE: memantine
Avoid which class of antidepressants medications in elderly and WHY
TCA
anticholinergic effects may worsen dementia
Most appropriate intervention to prevent pressure ulcer is?
Foam/Moist mattress overlay
Painful Unstageable pressure ulcers without infection mx
Debridement of eschar
