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Germany Flashcards

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1
Q

Where is Germany located?

A

In the northern part of Europe

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2
Q

What grape variety is Germany leading in cultivating?

A

Riesling

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3
Q

What are the styles of wine produced in Germany?

A

Dry, sweet, noble rot, sparkling, red, white, and rosé

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4
Q

What percentage of wines vinified dry in Germany increased from 1985 to 2015?

A

From 16% to 46%

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5
Q

Who introduced Vitis Vinifera to Germany?

A

The Romans

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6
Q

Who further spread Vitis Vinifera in Germany after the Romans?

A

Charlemagne’s Frank

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7
Q

Which type of monks took care of vineyards and winemaking in Germany?

A

Cistercian monks

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8
Q

What grape varieties did Cistercian monks introduce?

A
  • Riesling
  • Pinot Noir
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9
Q

What caused the stronghold of vines in Germany to shrink in the 16th and 17th century?

A

War and political conflict

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10
Q

When did the vine cultivation in Germany reemerge after a decline?

A

In the 18th century

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11
Q

What events in the 19th led to another decline in German viticulture?

A

The French Revolution

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12
Q

What were rare noble sweet wines from Germany known as?

A

Hock

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13
Q

How were Hock wines valued compared to Bordeaux first growths in the mid-1800s?

A

Fetched higher prices

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14
Q

What is the traditional site of Riesling cultivation in Germany?

A

Rheingau

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15
Q

What is the German term for wine similar to Claret?

A

Hock

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16
Q

What significant challenges did the German wine industry face in the 20th century?

A
  • Phylloxera
  • WW1
  • WW2
  • Prohibition in America
  • Revolution in Russia
  • Post-war boycott of Germany by Europe
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17
Q

How many hectares of vines were there in Germany in the mid-1950s?

A

About 50,000 ha

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18
Q

What types of varieties were planted in Germany to yield higher but lower quality wines?

A

Higher yielding varieties such as Muller Thurgau

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19
Q

What term became synonymous with cheap and sweet wine in Germany?

A

Liebfraumilch

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20
Q

What was a popular label for Liebfraumilch wine?

A

Blue Nun

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21
Q

What was underway to improve the German wine industry after its decline?

A

Restructure and investment

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22
Q

What was established in 1957 that later influenced wine law?

A

The EEC - The forerunner of EU

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23
Q

What was the primary goal of the EEC that extended to wine by 1970?

A

Economic integration

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24
Q

What is the common perception of the 1971 German wine law?

A

Misguiding and flawed

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25
What was the purpose of the 1971 German wine law?
To define vineyard names, sweetness levels, ripeness levels, and stylistic words
26
What change occurred regarding Pradikat under the 1971 law?
Pradikat went from RS to Must weight
27
How many single vineyards were compressed to under the 1971 law?
Around 2700 single vineyards
28
What is the minimum size requirement for a single vineyard after the 1971 law?
5 hectares
29
What new category was created for vineyard collections under the 1971 law?
Grosslagen
30
What issue exists on labels between Single Vineyards and Grosslagen?
No clarity exists
31
What does QWPSR stand for?
Qualitätswein Produced in a Specific Region
32
How many regions was QWPSR delimited to in 1971?
11 regions
33
What is the purpose of the AP - Amtliche Prüfungsnummer?
To ensure wines undergo chemical and sensory analyses to be considered quality wine
34
What are the five components of the AP?
* Location of the examination board * Village where it is produced * The producer * Unique number of bottling * Year of when it was tested
35
What significant change occurred in the German wine law in 1982?
Introduction of Land Wein and Eiswein
36
What change regarding single vineyards occurred in 1982?
Single vineyards did not need 5 ha size
37
Which two regions were added in 1990 to the anbaugebiete?
Sachsen and Saale Unstrut
38
What terms replaced Trocken and Halbtrocken in the year 2000?
Classic and Selection
39
What term was approved for labeling of dry whites from specific sites in Rheingau in 1999?
Erste Gewachs
40
What does Feinherb refer to?
Slightly halbtrocken styles - Not a defined term
41
What acronym represents PDO/AOP/DOP?
G.U Geschützte Ursprungsbezeichnung
42
What type of climate characterizes Germany?
Cold continental with maritime influence in the north and more continental in the south ## Footnote The climate is very marginal for wine production, with cold winters and warm summers.
43
What is the area under vine in Germany?
104,000 ha ## Footnote Germany is the world's 14th largest grower of grapes.
44
What types of soil are found in northern Germany?
Slate ## Footnote As you move south, soils transition to basalt, loess, limestone, and clay.
45
What is the German term for limestone?
Kalkstein
46
What is the traditional barrel size of Germany known as Stuck?
1200L
47
What is the definition of AOP/DOP/PDO in German wine law?
G.U (Geschützte Ursprungsbezeichnung) ## Footnote This refers to a protected designation of origin.
48
What was Wein formerly known as?
Tafelwein
49
What is the lowest quality tier of German wine?
Wein
50
What does the term Landwein represent in German wine classification?
An IGP category covering a larger geographical area of Germany ## Footnote Includes 26 winegrowing regions known as Landweingebiete.
51
What is the category encompassing most of Germany's top dry wines?
Qualitätswein bestimmter Anbaugebiete
52
What is the minimum ABV for QbA and QmP wines?
QbA 7% ABV QmB 7% ABV - 5,5% from BA and up. ## Footnote This is lower than the 8.5% required in the rest of Europe.
53
How many Anbaugebiete are recognized in Germany?
13
54
What is the focus of Qualitätswein mit Prädikat?
Ripeness level of the wines
55
What is the maximum residual sugar (RS) for Classic wines?
15g/L
56
What does the term Selection refer to in German wine?
Superiore dry wines sourced from a single vineyard
57
What is the maximum RS for Selection wines?
9g/L ## Footnote For Riesling, the maximum RS is 12g/L.
58
What does the gold capsule indicate on a wine bottle?
Higher level of sugar content
59
What is the measurement unit for must weight?
Degrees Ochsle
60
What is the must weight range for Kabinett?
70-85 Ochsle
61
What is the must weight range for Spätlese?
76-95 Ochsle
62
What is the must weight requirement for Auslese?
83-105 Ochsle
63
What is the must weight for Beerenauslese and Eiswein?
110-128 Ochsle
64
What is the must weight for Trockenbeerenauslese?
150-154 Ochsle
65
66
Which grape variety is the most cultivated in Germany?
Riesling ## Footnote Germany grows just under 40% of the total riesling grapes in the world.
67
What are the two main categories of grapes grown in Germany?
Red and White ## Footnote Examples include Spatburgunder for red and Riesling for white.
68
What is the VDP?
Verband Deutscher Pradikatweingut ## Footnote An organization established in 1910, originally with 4 producers.
69
When was the VDP originally named VDNV?
Before rebranding in 1971 ## Footnote VDNV stands for Verband Deutscher Naturweinverseigerer.
70
What was the primary focus of the VDP in the 1990s?
Finding individual vineyard plots ## Footnote This system was completed in 2012.
71
What are the maximum yield rules for Gutswein?
75hl/ha for max yield ## Footnote Gutswein is considered the regional appellation.
72
What is the max yield for Erste Lage?
60hl/ha ## Footnote Erste Lage refers to single vineyard wines.
73
What level of wine does Grosse Lage represent?
Grand Cru ## Footnote Grosse Lage wines have strict rules controlling grape varieties.
74
What is the difference between Gutswein and Ortswein?
Gutswein is regional, Ortswein is from multiple vineyards within a village ## Footnote Ortswein is often labelled with the village name.
75
What type of wine is Erste Lage?
Premier Cru level wine ## Footnote It has strict rules on allowed grape varieties.
76
What is the labeling requirement for dry wines labeled as Grosse Lage?
Labelled as 'Grosses Gewachs' ## Footnote This follows true Burgundian grand cru style.
77
What is the VDP Eagle also known as?
Traubenadler ## Footnote It is a symbol used by the VDP.
78
True or False: The rules of the VDP are legally binding.
False ## Footnote They are organizational rules and can be broken with approval or disapproval by the VDP board.
79
Fill in the blank: The max yield for Grosse Lage is _______.
50hl/ha
80
What does the term 'Trocken' refer to in the context of Erste Lage?
Dry wines ## Footnote It indicates the dryness level of the wine.
81
What is unique about the vineyards used for VDP wines compared to Einzellagen?
They are often more narrow and 'divided' into smaller parts ## Footnote This allows for the use of only the most prestigious areas.
82
What is the maximum yield for Ortswein?
75hl/ha
83
84
How many HA under vine is there in Germany today?
102,000ha
85
How many producers are part of the VDP?
202 producers
86
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