Germany 1918 - 1945

Question 1

When was The Treaty of Versailles?

Answer 1

28th June 1919

Question 2

What were the punishments for the Germany at The Treaty of Versailles?

Answer 2

L.A.M.B
Land, Army, Money, Blame
13% Land taken, Army reduced to 10000, £6,600 million reparations, Blame for WWI

Question 3

What was the Spartacist uprising?

Answer 3

German Communists (KPD) tried to overthrow the WR but they failed after Ebert called on the Friekorps to stop it

Question 4

What was the Kapp Putsch?

Answer 4

When the Friekorps and Military tried to overthrow the Government to give power back to the Kaiser. Was stopped when the public went on strike so no food or water

Question 5

When was the Ruhr Crisis?

Answer 5

January 1923 - July 1925 the Ruhr was occupied by French and Belgian forces

Question 6

What happened in the Ruhr Crisis?

Answer 6

French and Belgian forces invaded the industrial areas of Germany after they failed to pay reparations. They took raw materials from the Ruhr instead

Question 7

What were the effects of the Ruhr Crisis?

Answer 7

The workers went on strike, and the Government printed more money to pay them, leading to hyperinflation

Question 8

What happened in Hyperinflation?

Answer 8

After hyperinflation started, it was hard to stop and it got out of control. After 5yrs 0.63 marks loaf of bread was 201,000,000 marks

Question 9

New Currency - Rentenmark

Answer 9

Stopped Hyperinflation, Money printing was tightly controlled, Brought back Foreign trade
Didn’t bring back pensions or savings

Question 10

Dawes Plan

Answer 10

USA loans of 800 million marks to boost German economy, Reparations reduced, industrial production was up
Reliant on USA for money, still have debt and interest

Question 11

Young Plan

Answer 11

Reparations reduced again, economy is up, Public Happy, 86% supported plan
Nazis didn’t like it, Economy crashed

Question 12

Locarno treaties

Answer 12

Making amends with European countries, agreed on western borders
Germany lost land on the west for good, Nazis disagreed again, Eastern border not agreed

Question 13

League of Nations

Answer 13

Germany involved in big discussions, starting to be accepted, public Happy
Didn’t fix Treaty of Versailles, Nazis disagreed again

Question 14

Kellog-Briand Pact

Answer 14

Weimar Republic respected by international community, didn’t have to go to war
Didn’t really happen, Nazis disagreed (again)

Question 15

What was the 25-Point program?

Answer 15

A list of 25 points that the Nazis told the public were their ideals and the public mostly agreed

Question 16

What was the Munich Putsch?

Answer 16

An uprising of the Nazi party that started in Munich, when Hitler stormed the Beer hall and forced Von Kahr and Von Lassow to support him. They failed. 16 civilians and 4 police died.

Question 17

Effects of the Munich Putsch

Answer 17

16 Civilans and 4 police died, Hitler fled and was later arrested and sentenced to 5yrs in prison, NSDAP banned and support dropped

Question 18

What actually happened for the effects of the Munich Putsch

Answer 18

Hitler served 9 months, used trial for publicity and wrote ‘Mein Kampf’ while in prison, NSDAP unbanned in 1925, Nazi members up

Question 19

Who was Head of propaganda?

Answer 19

Joseph Goebbles

Question 20

What new force was instigated?

Answer 20

The SS took over in Hitler’s bodyguard

Question 21

Who funded the NSDAP?

Answer 21

Big businessmen like Krupp gave large donations

Question 22

When did Hitler become Chancellor?

Answer 22

January 30th 1933

Question 23

When did the Reichstag burn down and who did Hitler blame?

Answer 23

27th February 1933 Hitler blamed the Communists

Question 24

When was the enabling act passed?

Answer 24

24th March 1933

Question 25

How did Hitler use the Enabling Act? (3 reasons)

Answer 25

Took over local Governments, Banned trade unions and Banned opposing parties

Question 26

When was the Night of the Long Knives?

Answer 26

30th June 1933

Question 27

What happened in the Night of the long knives?

Answer 27

Many people were killed and arrested for being communist, being opposition and being untrustworthy

Question 28

When did President Hindenburg die?

Answer 28

2nd August 1934

Question 29

How many people voted for Hitler?

Answer 29

90% of Germany

Question 30

What methods did Hitler use to control the Population?

Answer 30

Terror, Censorship and propaganda

Question 31

How did the Nazis instill terror?

Answer 31

The SS intimidated the public, the Gestapo were everywhere, the Law courts were unfair and biased, concentration camps was punishment

Question 32

What was the Gestapo?

Answer 32

The Gestapo were secret police who relied on voluntary informers to give them information. They arrested many people

Question 33

What was censored?

Answer 33

Film, Books, Radio, Papers and Art

Question 34

What propaganda methods were used?

Answer 34

Film, Posters, Rallies and Parades, Radio, Papers, 1936 Olympics and Art

Question 35

How did the Church oppose the Nazis?

Answer 35

There were some secret churches, and some Christians even plotted to assassinate Hitler

Question 36

Life for Women in Nazi Germany

Answer 36

Their main roles were the have children, cook for the family and stay at home 3 K's - Kinder, Kirche, Küche

Question 37

Education in Nazi Germany

Answer 37

Taught 'Race studies', indoctrinated, Girls taught Domestic Sciences, Boys taught Maths and Science

Question 38

Youth movements

Answer 38

Swore loyalty to the Nazis, separated Boys and Girls

Question 39

Rationing

Answer 39

Food was heavily rationed, goods exchanged for stamps, 1,000,000 died from starvation, disease was common as immune system weak from hunger

Question 40

Allied Bombing

Answer 40

300,000 - 400,000 civilians killed, 7.5 million homeless, Germans had damaged morale

Question 41

Total war

Answer 41

All German business work towards the war effort, 7 million prisoners worked for German industry, 60 hours per week work, civilians feared invasion, everyone was hungry from extreme rationing

Question 42

Employment of Women

Answer 42

Women were strongly encouraged to go back to work after they had been banned from it previously, 60% of workforce was women, when men came back from the war, their jobs had been taken by women

Question 43

What opposition was there to the Nazi party?

Answer 43

Some groups include the Edelweiss Pirates & swing groups, the White Rose group, the July bomb plot and the church

Question 44

Who were the Edelweiss Pirates?

Answer 44

Teens who listened to Jazz and fought the Hitler Youth, they opposed the Nazis as the Next Generation, had low numbers and limited numbers, easy to stop

Question 45

Who were the White Rose group?

Answer 45

University students Hans & Sophie Scholl printed 6 different leaflets opposing Nazi ideas, had a far reach, lots of people scared to read the pamphlets

Question 46

What was the July Bomb Plot?

Answer 46

An army group led by Von Stauffenberg who attempted to blow Hitler up, would have worked if someone hadn't moved the bomb by accident, failed and all people involved were killed