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Germany > Germany > Flashcards

Germany Flashcards

1
Q

What northern parallel do German vines grow on?

A

the 50th

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2
Q

When was winemaking established on the slopes of the Mosel?

A

4th century by the Romans

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3
Q

What are einzellagen?

A

Vineyards

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4
Q

In the Middle Ages, who was instrumental in vine cultivation?

A

The church with the work of monks

At the time, the church ruled over the state and essentially ran the economy

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5
Q

Who founded the famous Kloster Eberbach monastery in the Rheingau in 1136?

A

The cistercian monks

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6
Q

What is an ortsteil?

A

A single vineyard

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7
Q

What is an alleinbesitz?

A

A monopole

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8
Q

The Steinberg vineyard remains wholy intact today and is a monopole of what region for over 8 centuries?

A

Kloster Eberbach

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9
Q

In the late 18th century what happened that changed the structure of the German vineyards?

A

Napoleon defeated Germany and instituted his Napoleonic code - the same that was instituted in Burgnudy and the ownership of the vineyards were split up

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10
Q

What did the German Wine Law of 1971 implement?

A

It organized the 30,000 different vineyards into 2600 registered vineyards.

Each vineyard had a minimum size of 5 hectares

A few vineyards were excluded from this restriction: the Doctor vineyard in Bernkastel—whose three proprietors successfully petitioned to have the expanded boundaries shrunk to three hectares in 1984—the Kirchenstück and Freundstück vineyards in Forst, and the Schloss Vollrads ortsteil vineyard in Rheingau

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11
Q

What is Germany’s most planted white and red varietal?

A

Riesling

Spatburgunder

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12
Q

What is edelfäule?

A

Noble rot (botrytis)

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13
Q

When was the use of noble rot “discovered” in Germany? By who?

A

harvesters at Schloss Johannisberg in the Rheingau
1775
The estate introduced the Auslese category in 1787 and the first Eiswein in 1858

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14
Q

What is “Hock”?

A

British term for German wine

Specifically can mean to Riesling along the Rhine

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15
Q

Why in the 1700’s did German vineyards get pushed up the mountains?
(And therefore produced better wines in the future)

A

Farmers needed to plant more food crops. This in turn lead to the vines planted in less nutrient dense soil and then made better quality and lauded wines by the mid 19th century.

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16
Q

Where is the Geisenheim Wine Institute located?

A

In the Rheingau

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17
Q

When was Muller Thurgau created? Where?

A

1882 at Geisenheim wine institute

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18
Q

What are the parents of Muller Thurgau?

A

Riesling x Madeleine Royale

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19
Q

Scheurebe is a crossing of which two grapes?

A

Riesling x Bukettrebe

It was developed in the early 20th century in the Rheinhessen

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20
Q

What is the most prominent German crossing of a red gape and also the second most planted red grape in Germany?

A

Dornfelder a crossing of Helfensteiner x Heroldrebe

Developed in 1956

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21
Q

What grape is used in Liebfraumilch?

A

Generally Muller Thurgau it is not allowed to cite a varietal on their label. Also, blending from vineyards across the Rheinhessen, Nahe, Rheingau, and the Pfalz is allowed

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22
Q

Starting in the late 19th century what setbacks did the German wine industry face

A

Starting with phylloxera in the late 19th century Germany faced many set backs. After phylloxera, root louse, mildew problems, a huge depression, and WW1 & WW2 devastated Germany and the wine industry.

After WW2 vineyards were replanted for mass production with hybrid grapes (not Riesling). Liebfraumilch became a huge commercial success but was very damaging to Germany’s wine reputation in the rest of the world

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23
Q

Approximately what percentage of German vineyard are planted with white grapes?

A

2/3

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24
Q

Besides Riesling (the most planted white grape) and Muller Thurgau, what are other commonly planted white grapes?

A 
Silvaner
Grauburgunder (Pinot Gris)
Weissburgunder (Pinot Blanc)
Kerner
Bacchus

Each account for at least 2% of total plantings

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25
Q

In varietal German wines, what percentage of the varietal must be in the wine?

A

85%

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26
Q

In descending order, after Spatburgunder, what are the most planted red grapes in Germany?

A

Dornfelder
Blauer Portugieser
Trollinger
Schwarzriesling (Pinot Meunier)

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27
Q

What is a synonym for Schwarzriesling?

A

Pinot Meunier

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28
Q

What is Weissherbst?

A

A single varietal German rose made via the saignee method

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29
Q

What is QbA?

A

Qualitätswein

which was formerly Qualitätswein bestimmter Anbaugebiete

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30
Q

What are the two quality levels of German wine?

A

Prädikatswein and Qualitatswein

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31
Q

How is the prädikat level is determined?

A

By the level of sugar in the grapes AT HARVEST

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32
Q

What are the 6 pradikat levels?

A 
Kabinett
Spätlese
Auslese
Beerenauslese
Trockenbeerenauslese
Eiswein
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33
Q

What is the minimum alcohol level for Pradikatswein?

A

7% min

5.5% for Beerenauslese, TBA, and Eiswein wines

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34
Q

Can winemakers chaptalize at the Pradikat level of quality?

A

No

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35
Q

What is the name of the scale used to measure the sweetness level in Pradikat wines?

A

Öchsle scale

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36
Q

Wha is Amtliche Prüfungsnummer (AP Number)?

A

In pradikatswein, it is a series of five sets of numbers indicating that the wine has been approved by a tasting panel

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37
Q

What do the Amtliche Prüfungsnummer (AP Number) numbers represent?

A

the first number refers to the region where the wine was tested

the second set of numbers refers to the commune in which the wine was bottled

the third set of numbers is the bottler’s code, the fourth set of numbers is a unique code for the bottling

the final two numbers indicate the year in which the application was filed

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38
Q

What does Grosses Gewächs (GG) indicate on a label?

A

The wine is dry

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39
Q

What are the 4 levels of Germany’s wine?

A

Pradikatswein
Qualitatswein
Landwein
Detuschewein

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40
Q

List the pradikat level and their associated minimum Oschle range

A 
Kabinett 70-85
Spatlese 80-95
Auselese 88-105
Beerenauslese 110-128
Trockenbeerenauslese 150-154
Eiswein 110-128
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41
Q

Is chaptalization legal in Qualitatswein?

A

Yes

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42
Q

What did the Charta organization champion?

A

Dry traditional style riesling

Charta didn’t last a long time but the VDP took over in it’s place with similar emphasis on quality

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43
Q

Approximately how many vineyards are part of the VDP?

A

Approximately 200

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44
Q

What is the difference between Erste Lage and Grosse Lage?

A

Erste Lage means “first site” and before 2012 Erste Lage vineyards were considered the top vineyards in Germany. Then, naming changed and Grosse Lage became equal to Grand Cru and Erste Lage is now equal to premier cru.

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45
Q

From a grosse lage vineyards, can different style wines be made?

A

Grosse Lage vineyards can release different wines at different pradikat levels but can only release one dry (GG) wine.

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46
Q

What are the requirements for Grosse Lage wines?

A

Harvested by hand
max 50hl/ha
min must weight be equal to Spatlese

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47
Q

Grosses Gewächs wines are legally considered trocken, what is the max RS per liter allowed?

A

9g/liter

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48
Q

In the Rheingau, what label is often seen in place of Grosses Gewachs?

A

Erstes Gewächs

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49
Q

55% of VDP vineyards are planted to which grape?

A

Riesling

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50
Q

Name the 4 VDP designations in hierarchical order

A

Grosse Lage
Erste Lage
Ortswein
Gutswien

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51
Q

What are the maximum yields associated with each VDP designation?

A

Grosse Lage 50hl/ha
Erste Lage 50hl/ha
Ortswein 75hl/ha
Gutswein 75hl/ha

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52
Q

Are VPD wines estate bottled?

A

Yes. Estate bottling is mandatory

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53
Q

What is the VDP logo?

A

An eagle with a cluster of grapes

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54
Q

What is a competing system of the VDP?

A

The German Wine Institute at Mainz created a system implementing the terms “classic” 15 g/l and “selection” (9 g/l (12 g/l allowed for Riesling)

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55
Q

What is the Grosse Lage logo?

A

a “1” followed by a cluster of grapes

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56
Q

What are the aging requirements for Grosses Grewachs wines?

A

Whites: May not be released until September 1 following harvest
Reds: Receive an additional year of aging

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57
Q

When can Erste Lage wines labeled “pradikat” be released?

A

The May 1 following harvest

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58
Q

What is a goldkapsel?

A

A gold capsule (cap closure) used in the Mosel to indicate “reserve” wines

It generally indicates additional sweetness due to a higher must weight, and is most commonly encountered on Auslese bottlings

The Goldkapsel is a device used almost exclusively by Mosel producers, and is a means of subverting the 1971 Wine Law, which ruled that additional qualifications of the prädikat level, such as feine and hochfeine, could not be listed on the bottle.

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59
Q

When is a Lange Goldkapsel used?

A

In the Mosel, a Long Godkapsel (longer gold capsule) is used to denote an even richer bottling.

The length and color of capsule may be the only clue to a substantial difference in price and character

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60
Q

What are tributaries of the Mosel?

A

The Saar and the Ruwer

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61
Q

What does gemeinden mean?

A

Commune or village

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62
Q

What Mosel bereiche contains the Mosel’s greatest gemeinden and einzellagen?

A

The Bernkastel bereich

63
Q

What are the Mosel’s six bereich?

A 
Burg Cochem
Bernkastel
Ruwertal
Saar
Obermosel
Moseltor
64
Q

What soil characterizes the Mitel Mosel?

A

Dark blue Devonian slate

However, the vineyards near Erden are characterized by red slate

65
Q

What is a grosslagen?

A

A larger collective vineyard comprised of smaller vineyards

66
Q

Badstube and Michelsberg are two commonly encountered grosslagen in which bereich?

A

Bernkastel

67
Q

What three vineyards feature a sundial in them?

A

Wehlener Sonnenuhr
Zeltinger Sonnenuhr
Brauneberger Juffer-Sonnenuhr

68
Q

What is considered Piesport’s greatest vineyard?

What makes it great?

A

Goldtröpfchen “Droplets of Gold”

It’s built as a natural amphitheater and is one of the best terroir expressions for Mosel Riesling

69
Q

Name two Goldtropfchen vineyard producers

A

Reinhold Haart

Reichsgraff von Kesselstatt

70
Q

Where is the famous Doctor vineyard located?

A

Bernkastel-Kues, Mittelmosel

71
Q

The growers to the east of the vineyard whose vines were excluded from Doctor in 1984 may label their wines as?

A

Alte Badstube am Doktorberg

72
Q

Name a producer of Bernkasteler Lay

A

Dr Loosen

73
Q

In Graach, who owns the great alleinbesitz

Josephshöfer

A

Reichsgraff vos Kesselstatt

74
Q

Sonnenuhr vineyards of Wehlen (Wehlener Sonnenuhr) are exemplified by which producer?

A

Joh. Jos. Prüm

75
Q

The sonnenuhr vineyards of Zeltingen (Zeltingener Sonnenuhr) are exemplified by which producer?

A

Dr. Loosen

76
Q

What does Ürziger Würzgarten mean?

A

Spice garden of Urzig

77
Q

Who is a subsidiary of the Mönchhof estate (based in Urzig)?

A

Joh. Jos. Christoffel Erben - they are the most prominent producers of Würzgarten wines.

78
Q

The vineyards of Prälat and Treppchen are near what town? What soil type characterizes these vineyards?

A

Erden
Red Slate
Prälat is one of the Mosel’s warmest sites. Dr. Loosen is a premier producer of its wines

79
Q

Why is the saar valley cooler than the Mittelmosel?

A

Because of it’s higher altitude

80
Q

Scharzhofberger, an ortsteil within the gemeinde of Wiltingen that is considered one of the Mosel’s finest sites is located in which bereich?
Who is considered it’s greatest grower?

A

Saar Bereich

Egon Müller

81
Q

Name two exemplary monopoles along the Ruwer

A

Maximin Grünhäuser Abtsberg (part of a trio of monopoles owned by the von Schubert-Grünhaus estate)

Eitelsbacher Karthäuserhofberg, owned by Karthäuserhof.

82
Q

What was used to be the name for the Burg Cochem Bereich?

A

Zell Bereich

83
Q

What is the dominant grape in the Obermosel and Moseltor bereiche

A

Elbling, not Riesling

84
Q

Burg Cochem includes the lower Mosel Valley, from the village of Zell north to Koblenz, this region is also referred to as…?

A

The terrassenmosel, because the river get’s narrower and hills get steeper, creating the need to terrace the hillsides in order to grow vines.

85
Q

Name an important Einzellagen in the following Gemeinden: Trittenheim

A

Apotheke

Trittenheim is located in the Mittelmosel

86
Q

Name an important Einzellagen in the following Gemeinden: Piesport

A

Goldtropfchen
Domherr

Piesport is in the Mittelmosel

87
Q

Name an important Einzellagen in the following Gemeinden: Brauneberg

A

Juffer
Juffer Sonnenuhr

Brauneberg is in the mittelmosel

88
Q

Name an important Einzellagen in the following Gemendein: Bernkastel-Kues

A

Doctor

Lay

89
Q

Name an important Einzellagen in the following Gemendein: Wehlen

A

Sonnenuhr

90
Q

Name an important Einzellagen in the following Gemendein: Zeltingen

A

Sonnenuhr

91
Q

Name an important Einzellagen in the following Gemendein: Graach an der Mosel

A

Domprobst

Josephshöfer (monopole of Reichsgraff von Kesselstatt)

92
Q

Name an important Einzellagen in the following Gemendein: Urzig

A

Würzgarten

93
Q

Name an important Einzellagen in the following Gemendein: Erden

A

Prälat
Treppchen
(red slate)

94
Q

Name an important Einzellagen in the following Gemendein: Eitelsbach

A

Karthäuserhofberg

Eitelsbach is located in the Ruwer

95
Q

Name an important Einzellagen in the following Gemendein: Wiltingen

A

Scharzhofberger

Wiltingen is located in the Saar

96
Q

Name an important Einzellagen in the following Gemendein: Saarburg

A

Rausch

Saarburg is located in the Saar

97
Q

Which is Germany’s oldest winemaking region?

A

The mosel

98
Q

What region are Kloster Eberbach and Schloss Johannisberg located in?

A

Rheingau

99
Q

Approximately what percentage of Rheingau vineyard acreage is devoted to Riesling?

A

80%

100
Q

What is the Rheingauʼs sole bereich?

A

Johannisburg

101
Q

What are the soil types seen in the Rheingau?

A

Slate in the upper vineyards

Clay, loess, alluvial sand and red slate in the lower vineyards - the vineyards closest to the water

102
Q

How would you describe a Rheingau riesling as compared to a Mosel riesling?

A

Rheingau rieslings are typically more powerful - The wines are typically fuller in body and more concentrated, yet acidity can be bracing

103
Q

In which region has the VDP listed the most Erste Lage sites?

A

The Rheingau

104
Q

What is a traditional vessel for bottling riesling in the Rheingau?

A

A traditional flute-shaped brown bottle, the Rheingauer Flöte
Green glass is typically used in the Mosel

105
Q

What village is the Rheingau’s center for red wine production?

A

Assmannshausen

Primary red is spatburgunder

106
Q

In the Assmannshausen commune, which vineyard produces the best Spatburgnuder?

A

Höllenberg vineyard

August Kesseler is amongst its finest growers

107
Q

Why was Charta formed?

A

To advance the classic, dry style of Rheingau Riesling, 1984

It represented the first major attempt by producers to validate dry wines within a system that only rewards sugar.

108
Q

What icon denotes Charta wines?

A

three Roman arches—styled from the balcony of Graue Haus

109
Q

In the late 18th century what was successfully discovered in the vineyards among Geisenheim and Johannisberg? By who?

A

Schloss Johannisberg successfully used botrytis to create Spätlese and Auslese wines for the first time.

This is in the Rheingau

110
Q

The historic ortsteil Schloss Vollrads and the lauded Jesuitengarten and Hasensprung vineyards are in which Rheingau village?

A

Winkel

111
Q

Who are the principal growers based in Hattenheim?

A

Schloss Schönborn and Langwerth von Simmern

The Pfaffenberg vineyard is a monopole of Schloss Schönborn and the Mannberg vineyard is almost entirely owned by von Simmern.

112
Q

What are considered the premier vineyards in the commune of Hallgarten?

A

Jungfer and Schönhell, and the monastery Kloster Eberbach

Kloster Eberbach was used as a Prussian insane asylum and then a women’s prison before it was turned into a functioning winery and museum

113
Q

Kiedrich is a hill village due north of Erbach that is singularly famous for the wines of which producer?

A

Robert Weil

Robert has holdings in the Gräfenberg vineyard and produces exemplary sweet wines at the Auslese level and above

114
Q

Where is the village of Hochheim located?

A

On the Main river, a tributary of the Rhein of the Rheingau

115
Q

What is considered Hochheim’s greatest vineyard?

A

Kirchenstück is the village’s finest vineyard

However a newer vineyard, Künstler estate ( established 1956) is producing very noteworthy wines

116
Q

Where did the name Hock come from?

A

Hochheim

117
Q

Where is the German Wine Institute located?

A

Mainz, Rheinhessen

118
Q

Which anbaugebiet has the most hectare under vine?

A

Rheinhessen, 26,500 hectares

In 2013, Riesling finally surpassed Muller Thrugau to become the Rheinhessen’s most planted varietal

119
Q

Where is the rheinterrasse located?

A

In the Rheinhessen. It stretches from Bodenheim southward through the winemaking towns of Nierstein and Oppenheim, terminating near Mettenheim

The most prestigious sector of the Rheinhessen is ROTER HANG. A slope of red clay and slate spanning 180 ha between Nierstein and Nackenheim.

120
Q

Who is a marquee producer within the Roter Hang? This estate owns over three-quarters of Rothenberg, one of the Rheinhessen’s premier sites

A

Gunderloch

121
Q

What grape is considered a regional specialty in the Rheinhessen?

A

Silvaner

The Rheinhessen has a more acreage devoted to Silvaner than any other winegrowing region in the world, including Franken.

In the Rheinhessen, Silvaner is produced as a dry wine

122
Q

What is “Message in a Bottle,”?

A

An association in the Rheinhessen dedicated to raising quality throughout the region

123
Q

What is G-Max and where is it from?

A

One of Germany’s most elusive and expensive dry rieslings. It comes from an undisclosed vineyard of Weingut Keller’s in Westhofen

124
Q

Where are the Haardt hills located?

A

In the Pfalz. They are an extension of Alsace’s Vosges Mountains

125
Q

What is a synonym for the Palatinate?

A

The Pfalz

The Palatinate is what English speakers often call the Pfalz

126
Q

From north to south, name the premier wine villages of the Mittelhaardt-Deutsche Weinstrasse

A 
Kallstadt
Ungstein
Bad Dürkheim
Wachenheim
Forst
Deidesheim
Ruppertsberg
127
Q

What is the soil make-up of the Pfalz?

A

It is vastly varied and includes: layers of red sandstone, calcium-based limestone, loess, red slate, basalt, igneous granite and alluvial gravel

128
Q

What varietal does Schweigen’s Friedrich Becker produce with esteem?

A

Spatburgunder

He has to cross the border into France his to work his holdings in the Kammerberg Grosse Lage vineyard

129
Q

Winemakers, Becker and Hansjörg Rebholz produce from which region of the Pfalz?

A

The Südliche Weinstrasse (Southern Pfalz)

Historically, the vineyards of the Northern Pfalz on the east facing slopes of the Haardt mountains (Mittelhaardt-Deutsche Weinstrasse) are considered the most important but these winemakers, Becker and Hansjorg Rebholz, are propelling the Souther Pfalz into the spotlight

130
Q

What village is the Grosse Lage Kirchenstück located in?

A

Forst

131
Q

Jesuitengarten, Pechstein, and Ungeheuer are located in which Pfalz village?

A

Forst

132
Q

How would you describe a riesling from the Pfalz?

A

Almost always dry and more full-bodied than it’s counterparts in other German wine regions

133
Q

What are the most recognizable estates in the Mittelhaardt?

A

the “3 Bs”

Bassermann-Jordan
von Buhl
Bürklin-Wolf

Müller-Catoir

134
Q

What is Scheurebe?

A

A white grape

Silvaner X Riesling

It does well in the Pfalz and is often produced as a late harvest sweet wine

135
Q

What is the producer Dönnhoff in the Nahe known for?

A

It’s rich, sweet, pradikat wines

Especially those sourced from his monopole vineyard Oberhauser Brücke and Hermannshöhle in Niederhausen, the Nahe’s finest site

136
Q

What is the primary grape of the Nahe?

A

Riesling

137
Q

What type of wine consists of the majority of Ahr wine?

A

Spatburguner

~88% of production is dedicated to the grape even though this region sits at the 50th parallel

138
Q

What is the singular bereich of the Ahr?

A

Walporzheim-Ahrtal

139
Q

What mountains protect the Ahr’s vineyards from cold winds and other climactic detriments?

A

Eifel Mountains

140
Q

Name a spatburgunder producer in the Ahr

A

Meyer-Näkel

Kreuzberg

141
Q

What river is Franken centered on?

A

The Main

142
Q

What grape thrives in Franken?

A

Silvaner

143
Q

Name two Franken producers of Silvaner

A 
Hans Wirsching (Iphofen) 
Horst Sauer (Escherndorf)
144
Q

What is the best known vineyard site in Franken?

A

Würzberg

145
Q

What is Frühburgunder?

A

An early ripening strain of Pinot Noir

146
Q

What is a bocksbeutel?

A

The traditional squat, flask-shaped vessel used to bottle Franken wines

147
Q

The Hahn Grosse Lage vineyard in Bacharach in the Mittelrhein is a monople of?

A

Toni Jost it is one of the Mittelrhein’s best sites.

148
Q

The estate of Matthias Müller is located in what village of the Mittelrhein?

A

Spay, near Koblenz

149
Q

What is schillerwein?

A

A rose wine common in Württemberg that is made by fermenting red and white grapes together

150
Q

Which two anbaugebiete are located in former eastern Germany?

A

Sachsen and Saale-Unstrut

151
Q

What valley is Sachsen located in?

A

The Elbe river valley

152
Q

Goldriesling, a crossing created in Alsace, is a local speciality in which region?

A

Sachsen

Müller-Thurgau is also a common varietal in Sachsen.

153
Q

What are common varieties found in Saale-Unstrut

A

Müller-Thurgau and Weißburgunder

154
Q

What is the German equivalent of a recoltant manipulant?

A

Winzersekt

Germany (2 decks)

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