Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

History > Germany Part 3 - The experiences of Germans under the Nazis > Flashcards

Germany Part 3 - The experiences of Germans under the Nazis Flashcards

(78 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What 4 things did Hitler introduce to solve unemployment?

A

Re-armament, public work schemes, national labour service and “invisible” unemployment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How did re-armament create jobs?

A

Hitler ordered the construction of new tanks, ships, planes and guns, introduced conscription, and grew the army from 100,000 to 1,400,000 in 5 years, creating loads of new jobs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How did public work schemes create jobs?

A

In June 1933, the Nazis ordered the creation of a new network of motorways, giving jobs to nearly 100,000 people. At the same time a huge number of new schools and hospitals were being built, giving people jobs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Who had to serve in the National Labour Service (RAD) and for how long?

A

All men between 18 and 25 had to spend 6 months in the RAD
108

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What did the RAD do?

A

They planted forests, mended hedges and dug drainage ditches on farms. They had to wear special uniforms and got given free meals and pocket money

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What was invisible unemployment?

A

The Nazis manipulated the unemployment figures to make them lower than they really were

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What was an example of invisible unemployment?

A

The Nazis did not count women who gave up work to have a family in the figures, created jobs by sacking Jews and then did not count the newly unemployed Jews in the figures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Who was Schacht?

A

When Hitler came into power he made respected banker Hjalmar Schacht the minister of economics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What did Schacht do?

A

He realised that Hitler’s plans for re-armament would be expensive and cost a lot of materials to fund that Germany didn’t have, so he made deals to trade materials for German made goods with South America and South East Europe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What happened as a result of Schacht’s actions?

A

What happened as a result of Schacht’s actions?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What did Hitler do to Schacht?

A

He was too impatient and sacked Schacht, even though his plan was working because didn’t like that Germany was dependent on materials from other countries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Who was Schacht replaced with?

A

Hermann Goering

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What did Goering introduce in 1936?

A

A scheme called the Four Year Plan, designed ti prepare Germany for war

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What did the Four Year Plan prioritise and what did the Nazis do to achieve this?

A

It prioritised increasing military production so the Nazis ordered huge amounts of weapons, equipment and uniforms, creating jobs in steel factories, textile mills and shipbuilding yards

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What happened to the different production areas in the Four Year Plan?

A

High production targets were set and achieved in industries like steel and explosives production, but targets were not met in industries like oil production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Did the Four Year Plan work and what else did Goering attempt to do?

A

Despite the huge increase in extra goods and materials, Germany was not ready for the war and still needed materials from abroad so Goering tried to make Germany self-sufficient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How did the Nazis solve the issue of not being able to find particular goods or resources in their efforts to become self sufficient?

A

They would make artificial alternatives to the things they needed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What were some examples of artificial alternatives Germany used to becomes self sufficient?

A

They made petrol from coal, artificial wool and cotton from pulped wood, make up from flour and coffee from acorns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What did Goering say in a speech about butter and guns?

A

“Would you rather have butter or guns? Shall we bring in lard, or iron? I tell you, guns make us powerful. Butter only makes us fat”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What was the Volkswagen scheme?

A

A scheme was set up so people could pay a small amount each month and eventually get a car

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What was the Beaty of Labour?

A

A programme to improve working environments by providing better facilities and a nicer environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What was Strength Through Joy?

A

Organised activities as a reward scheme that gave cheap holiday and theatre and football tickets if targets were met

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

How did unemployment change from 1933 to 1939?

A

It went from 6.1 million in 1933 to 0.4 million in 1939

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

How did the Nazis improve the lives of the German people while trying to become self sufficient?

A

They cut taxes on farmers and promised they wouldn’t be thrown off their land if they fell into debt, they lowered unemployment, The Volkswagen scheme, Beauty of Labour and Strength Through Joy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
How did the Nazis not improve the lives of the German people while trying to become self sufficient?
Wages did not rise for years, workers couldn't quit their jobs without the government's permission, Striking was banned, Food was more expensive and there was less of it, trade unions were replaced by the German Labour Front (DAF), laws were made to stop farmers from dividing their land between their children and nobody actually got a Volkswagen; the money was used for the war effort and the car could easily be converted to a military vehicle
26
What was Hitler's view on education?
He believed it was only important when teaching the things that a soldier needs to be a good one, intelligence was unimportant and he believed that education should be harsh
27
What were the 2 youth groups the Nazis set up?
The Hitler Youth for boys and the League of German Maidens for girls
28
What did Hitler do to other youth groups once he came into power?
He abolished them so there were only the Hitler Youth and League of German Maidens
29
How did the population of the Hitler Youth change through the 1930s?
In 1933 they had 100,00 members, by 1936 they had 4 million and also in 1936 it became mandatory to join
30
What were the requirements for the Hitler Youth and League of German Maidens?
To be in the Hitler Youth you had to be very fit and had to listen to Nazi political ideas and for the League of German Maidens you had to be quite fit and had to have more housewife type skills
31
How did the Nazis control education through teachers?
All teachers were forced to join the Nazi Teachers Association which vetted them for racial and political suitability, sacked Jewish teachers, they were sent to summer camps to learn how to teach Nazi ideas effectively and the children were told to inform on them if they didn't support the Nazis
32
Why did the Nazis control the teachers as they did?
The measures they took meant they could effectively make sure there are no Jews or anyone else who may speak out and give the children anti Nazi ideas and the children kept the teachers honest
33
How did the Nazis control education through textbooks?
They were rewritten to promote Germany's greatness, supremacy and anti-Semitism, most especially in Biology and History to make them think they were genetically better than Jews and to make it seem like Germany had always been great
34
How did the Nazis control education through Jews?
They sacked Jewish teachers and the teachers bullied Jewish students in Biology saying they were inferior, which encouraged the children to bully the Jewish students until they were banned from school in 1938. This was to alienate the Jews and make the children grow up hating them
35
How did the Nazis control education through university and how was it different?
All university students had to go to fitness and indoctrination classes 2x a week to keep them brainwashed and only 11% of spots were given to girls. Not all students went to the fitness and indoctrination classes though
36
How did the Nazis control education through the curriculum?
Academic subjects were not prioritised, Eugenics was introduced as a subject, boys learned German, History, eugenics, PE and mandatory boxing, girls learned home economics, eugenics and PE. The most ruthless boys were sent to Adolf Hitler Schools
37
What was eugenics?
Controlled breeding
38
What were Adolf Hitler schools?
Free boarding schools for boys aged 12-18 that were the most ruthless and cruel that were run militarily
39
Why did the Nazis change the curriculum?
To manipulate children into learning what they wanted them to and train them into mindless drones - perfect soldiers
40
How were girls viewed in the League of German Maidens and how were they trained?
They were seen as future mothers and a vital part of the plan to keep the Reich strong for 1000 years. They were trained as wives and mothers
41
What were the requirements for the League of German Maidens?
They had to be racially pure, free of hereditary disease and have German citizenship. Membership became mandatory in 1936
42
What training did they do in the League of German Maidens?
They took an Oath of Loyalty to Hitler and did Domestic training, exercise, training to promote good health, world view training, learning about Nazi holidays and stories, learning about Hitler Youth martyrs and facts about their local area and German culture and history
43
What did they do in the Hitler Youth?
They wore military uniforms, attended meetings and rallies for indoctrination, believed that the support of the youth was vital to the future of the Reich and aimed to produce a generation of loyal supporters
44
What were the different age groups in the Hitler Youth?
Ages 6-10 were called the Little Fellows, ages 10-13 were called the German Young People and ages 14-18 were the Hitler Youth
45
What did the Little Fellows do?
They did outdoor sports like hiking, rowing, rambling and camping
46
What did the German Young People do?
More military based sports like marching, parading and map reading along with more indoctrination such as racial purity and anti-Semitism
47
What did the Hitler Youth learn?
They prepared to be soldiers by doing military exercises like marching, bayonet drill, grenade throwing, trench digging, map reading, gas defence, use of dugouts, how to make barbed wire and pistol shooting
48
What are the 2 types of resistance?
Active resistance - Taking action against something to prevent it from happening or showing opposition to it (usually violent) Passive Resistance - Not doing something to try to prevent it from happening or to show opposition to it (usually strikes)
49
What are the 3 youth resistance groups?
The White Rose Movement, the Edelweiss Pirates and the Swing Youth
50
What did the Edelweiss Pirates do?
They refused to join the Hitler Youth, included Jews, played and sang banned music, sang songs mocking Hitler, went camping, spent time in groups and fought the Hitler Youth
51
What did the Swing Youth do?
They went to parties, listened and danced to American jazz and blues ("black" music) and included Jews
52
Who were the White Rose Movement and what did they do?
They were university students in Munich in WWII that made and distributed leaflets criticising Hitler and the Nazis, put up posters and graffiti and had its leaders caught and executed
53
How did the Nazis respond to the Swing Youth and edelweiss pirates before the war?
Pre-war, they were lenient and viewed them as a minor irritant, shaving the heads then releasing those they captured or sending them to concentration camps or temporarily putting them in prison
54
How did the Nazis respond to the Edelweiss pirates and Swing Youth during the war?
In the war, Himmler ordered more brutal treatment and in Nov 1944, 15 youths were hung in public, 6 of whom were edelweiss pirates
55
Why did the Nazis become more brutal to the Edelweiss Pirates and Swing Youth as the war progressed?
They needed a compliant state to keep people loyal and made an example out of the youth groups to keep people in line
56
How did the Nazis respond to the White Rose Movement?
They caught the leaders distributing leaflets, who then admitted full responsibility to avoid torture and protect other members of the organisation. The police didn't believe them and they were tortured and guillotined after telling the police everything
57
Who were the leaders of the White Rose Movement?
The siblings Hans and Sophie Scholl
58
Why was the White Rose Movement a threat?
They were changing people's minds about the Nazis
59
What was different about women in Weimar and Nazi Germany?
In the Weimar government they were more independent, more gender fluid, had more freedom of expression and had the right to vote
60
What were the 3 Ks?
Kinder, Kuche, Kirche - meaning Children, kitchen and chruch
61
What did the 3Ks mean?
Children meant producing as many children as possible for Germany, kitchen meant they should be cooking, representing a stereotypical woman and church meant they should follow the teachings of women being obedient
62
What were women meant o be in Mazi Germany?
Loyal housewives, loyal to the church and Hitler, good mothers that bring up children at home while husbands worked
63
What was the ideal NAzis woman?
A blonde, blue-eyed, sturdily built woman who had broad hips for child bearing and no interest in fashion, make up or slimming
64
What happened to married female doctors and civil servants?
They were sacked and from 1936 women could no longer be judges or prosecutors
65
What were the 2 reasons it was wrong for a woman to enter paid employment?
It was seen as neglecting their family duties and seen as taking a job from a man
66
What was a woman's role in life in Nazi Germany?
To bear many children and ensure the domestic comfort of their families for example by cooking and cleaning
67
How did Nazis use propaganda to convey the role of women?
Posters were put up that convey Nazi views on what a woman should do - it advertised women cradling babies as the correct way encouraging women to play a traditional role ion society
68
Was propaganda successful in encouraging women to play a traditional role in society?
No because it obviously didn't work as women had to be sacked from their jobs
69
How did Nazis use loans to encourage women to play a traditional role in society?
Young couples were paid 1000 gold marks or 6 months pay to marry and have kids - the more children they had the less they had to pay back and at 4 they paid nothing back at all. It gave them the incentive of money to play a traditional role
70
Did the use of loans work in encouraging women to play a traditional role in society?
No because women had to give up their jobs as part of the deal and many didn't want to and because of the worker shortage due to men fighting women had to fill the gap
71
How many married children started work because of the war?
It went from 4.2 million married working women to 6.2 million
72
How did the Nazis use medals to encourage women to play a traditional role in society?
They awarded medals for having children - bronze for 4, silver for 6 and gold for 8. They were called the honour crosses of the German mother. It recognised having children as a heroic act, encouraging more women to do it
73
Did the use of medals work in encouraging women to play a traditional role in society?
Yes - although women with hereditary diseases or things like colour-blindness were sterilised the birth rate still increased
74
What proportion of Germany were catholic and protestant?
1/3 were catholic and 2/3 were protestant
75
What support was there between the Catholic church and Nazi party?
The church signed the concordat 6 months after Hitler became chancellor, meaning they wouldn't oppose the Nazis and the church could operate freely and were promised communism would go away
76
What opposition was there between the Catholic church and Nazi party?
children would join the Hitler Youth over the Catholic youth and attempt to ban crucifixes in school. The Pope criticised the Nazis for putting ideological beliefs ahead of religious ones and wrote "With Burning Anxiety" The Nazis began euthanasia programs to kill those with mental illness or disabilities which the church didn't like
77
What key individual were in the Catholic church?
Cardinal Count von Galen stood against the Nazis and criticised the deaths of the mentally ill and physically disabled in the care of the government, he told all Catholics to give immediate protection to the mentally ill
78
What was "With burning anxiety"?
He wrote "With Burning Anxiety" that criticised the Nazi regime and was issued by the Vatican on 14th March 1937 and read out to congregations in Catholic churches on 21st March 1973

History (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions