Germany Up To 1933

Question 1

What was the Kiel Mutiny?

Answer 1

• when Kaiser refused to abdicate, sailors in north Germany ‘mutinied’ ( a political revolution amongst armed forces) and took over the town ‘Kiel’
• this triggered other revolutions

Question 2

Why did the kaiser abdicate and who did it help?

Answer 2

• stated in TOV kaiser must abdicate
• as many began to revolt against kaiser, his opposition the SDP gained popularity

Question 3

Why was the SDP so unpopular?

Answer 3

• had opposition on left and right
• new constitution and bills were made which many opposed

Question 4

How did Germany economically recover from 1923?

Answer 4

• Stressaman solved hyperinflation by creating the new currency
• negotiated Dawes plan
• reached prewar prodiuction by 1923

Question 5

How did Germany become politically stable from 1923?

Answer 5

• no more attempted revolutions after 1923
• by 1928 moderate parties had 136 more seats in reichtag than radical parties

Question 6

How did Germany recover culturally after 1923?

Answer 6

• removed the censorship kaiser had on Germany
• freedom of expression and ideas flourished

Question 7

How did stressaman solve hyperinflation?

Answer 7

• created a new currency
• called off passive resistance
• negotiated Dawes plan
• negotiated reparation payments

Question 8

Why did hitler think he could get away with the Munich putsch and what were the consequences?

Answer 8

• Weimar was preoccupied with Ruhr crisis and hyperinflation so hitler thought he could het away with revolution
  Consequences
• hitler arrested for treason
• hitler gained enormous publicity from trial
• hitler persuaded judges to only give him 5 years rather than life in prison

Question 9

Why did Germany not recover from 1923 economically?

Answer 9

• US loans could be called in at any moment ‘dancing on a volcano’
• peasant farmers and middle class suffered (middle class lost savings and peasant farmers were now overproducing)
• small businesses threatened by large department stores

Question 10

How did German politics not recover after 1923?

Answer 10

• both nazis and communists built up their party organisation
• 4 different chancellors during ‘stable years’
• weak coalitions
• 30% of votes regularly opposed republic
• German people elected hindenburg as president in 1929 (who opposed democracy)

Question 11

What was the spartacist uprising and how did Ebert react?

Answer 11

• communist group who attempted to overthrow Weimar with a communist government
• ebert used extreme right / freikorp to combat as no real German army
• ebert could only keep control by violence