Get to at least 60% on this deck by end of Christmas hols Flashcards
1
Q
What was the year and details of the Kaiser’s second Naval law?
A
- Doubled the number of battleships to be built each year (to 38).
2
Q
What did Hitler show off at the ‘Freedom to Rearm rally’ in 1935?
A
The weapons and troops he had been secretly building up.
3
Q
What approach did Hitler change to in 1924?
A
A political approach which aimed to take control of Germany through the democratic process and then change it into what the Nazis wanted.
4
Q
What was the political impact of the Kaiser’s naval laws?
A
They won him lots of support as played upon people’s sense of patriotism.
5
Q
How did English tactics help defeat the Spanish Armada?
A
Fireships broke the Spanish formation and left individual ships vulnerable. English ships were faster. English cannon bombardment confused the Spanish.
6
Q
What started the Depression in 1929?
A
The Wall street Crash in America.
7
Q
Who were the Spartacists and what did they try to achieve?
A
A group of Communists led by Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht who attempted to turn a worker’s protest in January 1919 into a revolution. They captured the government controlled newspaper and telegraph HQs but were eventually beaten and killed by the amry and Friekorp units.
8
Q
What are two men with surnames Crick and Watson famous for?
A
Discovering DNA
9
Q
Which countries made an agreement in the Stresa Front?
A
Britain, France and Italy.
10
Q
Who were Schuschnigg and Seyss-Inquart?
A
The final two chancellors of Austria before Anschluss was acheived.
11
Q
What does the word Lebensraum mean?
A
Living space for Germany.
12
Q
Which of Hitler’s foreign policy aims is not included in RUT?
A
destroy communism
13
Q
What has CAR got to do with understanding about the vaccines that Louis Pasteur developed?
A
C = chicken cholera A = anthrax in sheep R = rabies in humans
14
Q
Which Catholic plot against Elizabeth was Westmoreland connected to?
A
The Northern Rebellion
15
Q
In what year did Crick and Watson publish their work on DNA?
A
1953
16
Q
Who was John Field?
A
Leader of an extreme branch of Puritanism based in London. He preached and published articles against the Church of England, he was eventually banned from preaching.
17
Q
What was the main difference between the 1848 and 1875 Public Health Acts?
A
The first was voluntary, the second was compulsory.
18
Q
What else about the Nazis impressed voters?
A
They were well organised and well funded.
19
Q
What was the Dawes plan?
A
The Dawes plan was proposed by American banker Charles Dawed in 1924. It gave economic relief to Germany by giving them a huge loan from America.
20
Q
How many Reichstag seats did the Nazis win in the July and November elections of 1932?
A
July: 230, November:196
21
Q
Who was Roosevelt (FDR)?
A
President of America for most of the 1930s.
22
Q
What was the Enabling Law and when was it passed?
A
March 1933. It gave Hitler the power to pass laws without the Reichstag, basically ruling Germany on his own.
23
Q
What happened to Hindenburg in August 1934 and how did Hitler react?
A
He died. Hitler then merged the position of President with Chancellor and became all powerful leader of Germany.
24
Q
Define natural explanations of disease.
A
Explanations based on physical evidence, observation and scientific deduction (even if the science is wrong).
25
What tried to invade England in August 1588?
The Spanish Armada
26
In what year did Hitler achieve Anschluss with Austria?
1938
27
What was unusual about the Anschluss plebiscite held in April 1938?
It was conducted AFTER the invasion of Austria by Nazi troops had already happened. Those voting were encouraged to vote 'yes' by Nazi stormtroopers and a bigger 'yes' circle on the voting slip.
28
In what year was the Babington plot?
1586
29
In what month and year did the Spanish Armada try to invade England?
August 1588
30
Which Catholic plots against Elizabeth was Mary Queen of Scots connected to?
The Northern rebellion, the Ridolfi plot, the Throckorton Plot and the Babington Plot (all of them).
31
Give details of the three problems that affected Germany in 1923.
The French occupation of the Ruhr, hyperinflation and the Munich Putsch.
32
In what year and period did Joseph Lister publish details of carbolic spray?
1867 - industrial
33
Who were the SA?
The Sturm-Abteilung or stormtroopers. Hitler’s brown-shirted private army, commanded by Ernst Rohm.
34
What did Harold Gillies do during and after WW1?
Set up a special unit to perform skin grafts on wounded soldiers.
35
Who were the Nazis main rival political party during the Depression?
The Communists.
36
In what year and period did the NHS come into operation?
1948 - twentieth century
37
Who was planned to marry Mary, Queen of Scots in the Ridolfi plot?
Norfolk
38
What was it about Hitler’s style and skills that made him so popular with voters?
A powerful and inspiring public speaker, could identify with his audiences, people believed in him.
39
Which countries signed the Anti-Comintern pact and what did they agree?
Germany and Japan. They agreed to work together against Communism.
40
Who led the case against Mary, Queen of Scots at her trial?
Francis Walsingham and William Cecil
41
What is Doctor Christiaan Barnard famous for?
Conducting the first human heart transplant in 1967.
42
What was the outcome for Hitler at the League of Nations Disarmament conference in 1933?
Germany left the League.
43
What happened two weeks after Essex's rebellion?
He was put on trial for treason, found guilty and executed on 25th February 1601.
44
What did Hitler make the army do in August 1934?
Swear an oath of personal loyalty to him.
45
What is ‘Mein Kampf?’
Hitler’s auto-biography written during his imprisonment. It stands for ‘My Struggle’ and details many of Hitler’s plans for Germany and his ideas on race etc.
46
In what year was the Northern Rebellion?
1569
47
Regardless of anything she did or said, why was Mary, Queen of Scots such a threat to Elizabeth?
She was Catholic, heir to the throne of England and already a Queen.
48
What did Edward Jenner discover?
Smallpox vaccination using cowpox
49
Which countries were not invited to the Munich Agreement that should have been there?
Czechoslovakia and Russia.
50
What did Britain, France and Italy agree in the Stresa Front?
Guarantee the terms of the Locarno Treaty, protect Austrian independence, work together to ensure Hitler stopped breaking the rules of the Treaty of Versailles,
51
What did Stressemann do to solve the crisis?
Convinced striking workers in the Ruhr to return to their jobs, introduced a new currency called the Rentenmark (1 rentenmark replaced 1000 billion marks), and got Germany financial aid from overseas by co-organising…
52
What does the word Volksdeutsche mean?
People of the German race
53
What were recusancy fines?
Fines for people who refused to attend services by the Protestant Church of England.
54
What was a consequence of Elizabeth not wanting to marry Phillip II of Spain?
The Spanish Armada.
55
Which war is Harold Gillies linked to?
WW1
56
Who was Edmund Campion?
A Jesuit who undertook a mission to spread Catholicism to England in 1580. He was executed in 1581.
57
What are the factors we use in the History of Medicine?
Religion, Chance, War, Individuals, Science & Technology , Communications.
58
Which plot against Elizabeth involved an illegal Catholic mass being held in Durham Cathedral?
The Northern Rebellion
59
What threatened Hitler’s power and position as chancellor in 1933?
The Reichstag, Hindenburg and the SA.
60
In what year did Edmund Campion's mission come to England?
1580
61
What name is given to the type of doctor who performs operations?
Surgeon
62
What did Holland (the Netherlands) have to do with the Spanish Armada?
Holland was a country that was part of the Spanish Empire and in 1566 Protestant rebels had started an uprising. In 1585, Elizabeth sent English troops (Robert Dudley leading 7000) to support the rebels; this was a clear act of war against Spain.
63
What does the Spanish civil war have to do with our topic?
One side in the Spanish Civil war were Fascists led by General Franco. Hitler and Mussolini sent troops and weapons to support him; this gave their forces a good opportunity to practice fighting.
64
When was Mary, Queen of Scots executed?
February 1586.
65
What was the year and details of the Kaiser's first Naval law?
1898 - added an additional 7 battleships to the total built each year (to a total of 19).
66
Why was the Sudetenland an attractive target for Hitler?
It belonged to Czechoslovakia which was a new country resulting from the Treaty of Versailles which Hitler opposed.I t had vast resources that Hitler could use such as railways, forts, factories. There were 3 million Volksdeutche there. It surrounded Czechoslovakia on three sides.
67
What was a consequence of the Kaiser's work to industrialise Germany?
Increased the gap between rich and poor and made the workers unhappy about their poor wages.
68
What was agreed in the Pact of Steel?
The armies of Italy, Japan and Germany would work together in any war that broke out.
69
In what year and period did Joseph Bazalgette begin building London's underground sewer system?
1858 - industrial
70
Which Catholic plots against Elizabeth was the Duke of Norfolk connected to?
The Northern Rebellion and the Ridolfi Plot
71
-When did John Snow discover the link between cholera and dirty water?
1854.
72
How big was the League of Nations' army?
0, it didn't have one.
73
-What did Edwin Chadwick's discovery lead to being passed?
The 1848 Public Health act?
74
When was Mary, Queen of Scots put on trial?
October 1586
75
What was Laissez-Faire?
A widely held belief at the start of the industrial period that it was not the job of government to try to improve public health.
76
Which country did the Rhineland belong to?
Germany.
77
Why was industrialisation a problem for the Kaiser in the early 1900s?
Germany's Navy and steel production was half that of Britain's. Wilhelm wanted Germany to be just as great as Britain.
78
What was Edwin Chadwick’s big discovery?
That high poor rate in some towns resulted from some people being too unwell to work due to poor living conditions.
79
Why did Hitler feel that he had to choose between the German army and the SA?
Because the army didn’t like Rohm and the SA whilst Rohm wanted command of the army. Hitler knew he needed the armies support to stay in charge.
80
What was the Austrian Nazi party planning in January 1938?
To overthrow Schuschnigg.
81
In what year was the 'Great stink' in London?
1858
82
What was forbidden between Germany and Austria in the Treaty of Versailles (spelt correctly)?
Anchluss
83
-What disease did Pasteur first use his vaccination ideas to treat a human for?
Rabies.
84
What was the ‘stab in the back’ myth?
A belief held by many Germans that at the end of WW1 they had not really lost but had been betrayed by their own leaders, namely the Weimar republic.
85
In what year was the Nazi-Soviet Pact?
1939
86
How did the Kasier try to solve the problem of Democracy?
The Kaiser used nationalism to get the support of the upper and middle classes.
87
In 1558, due to marriage, Mary, Queen of Scots was actually queen of two countries, which were they?
Scotland and France.
88
In the Babington Plot, who framed Mary, Queen of Scots in plotting to replace Elizabeth?
Francis Walsingham
89
In the Ridolfi plot, where would the planned invasion be launched from?
The Netherlands
90
Who were the Friekorps?
Groups of ex-soldiers who continued serving despite not being paid in attempt to help Germany through its troubled times.
91
By 1912, what did the Kaiser realise was one way to unite his country and stop the complaints of the SDP?
Get Germany into a war (WW1).
92
How did the Kaiser solve the problem of industrialisation?
He gained the support of rich businessmen to improve Germany's industrial strength. The growth in population (40 million in 1871 to 68 million in 1914) also helped.
93
Who set up the SDP (Social Democratic Party)?
German workers who were still unhappy with inequality in the Kaiser's Germany.
94
What did Austrian Nazis do in 1934?
They caused havoc across Austria and murdered the Chancellor, Engleburt Dollfuss.
95
Why was Socialism a problem for the Kaiser in the early 1900s?
The gap between the rich and poor had widened due to industrialisation. Poorly paid workers had joined trade unions to try to force the Kaiser to improve their conditions.
96
In what year was the Ridolfi Plot?
1571
97
What are the years of the Industrial period?
1750-1900
98
Why did Stalin of Russia make a deal with Hitler despite them being so different and Hitler hating Communists?
Stalin doubted the strength of the League, nobody stood up to Hitler over the remilitarisation of the Rhineland, he had been left out of the Munich agreement in 1938.
99
Who was in the Pact of Steel?
Germany and Italy at first and then Japan in 1940.
100
What year was the Treaty of Versailles and what were its key points?
1919. Germany had to accept full blame for WW1, could not re-arm and had to accept war reparations equivalent to £6,600 million.
101
How many seats did the Nazis win in the 1933 election?
288
102
What does the word Anschluss mean?
Uniting Germany and Austria
103
Give 2 examples of what was granted to Catholics in the Elizabethan religious settlement.
2 of these: Some Catholic ideas were included in Protestant church services; Services were written so as not to be offensive to Catholics; Recusancy fines for Catholics were very low; Private beliefs and acts of worship would not be punished.
104
Who was Daladier?
President of France in the 1930s.
105
What was Lady Montague’s inoculation for?
Smallpox
106
What month in 1933 were all political parties banned?
July.
107
What were prophesyings?
Meetings of the clergy (religious leaders) for prayer and discussion which would usually include criticism of Elizabeth's church.
108
Why did some people oppose Edward Jenner's vaccination?
They were worried about having animal matter injected into them.
109
What did Essex do at the start of his 1601 rebellion?
Took four of the Queen's privy councillors hostage.
110
Who was The Duke of Medina-Sidonia?
He was appointed by Philip II as commander of the Spanish Armada.
111
When was and what happened on the Night of the Long Knives?
29th -30th June 1934. Ernst Rohm, SA leaders and other opponents were killed by the SS on Hitler’s orders.
112
How did the Nazis ensure they did so well in this election?
Opponents were killed, Sa and police pressure at polling booths, the Nazis’ anti-Communist message reinforced on radio.
113
What was proportional representation?
Political parties were allocated seats in line with the number of votes received.
114
Which Catholic plot against Elizabeth was Henry, Duke of Guise connected to?
The Throckmorton Plot
115
What was the choice between and the outcome of the Saar plebiscite?
Whether the areas should be governed by France or Germany. 90% of the population voted for Germany.
116
Who tried to stop Germany when troops were sent into the Rhineland?
Nobody.
117
What is disease and infection the story of?
The story of what people throughout History believed made them unwell and how they tried to treat illnesses.
118
-What were Koch’s three contributions towards discovering the causes of disease?
Solid medium, staining, method.
119
How was Mary, Queen of Scots, related to Elizabeth?
They were cousins.
120
What are alternative names for the industrial period?
The nineteenth century and the industrial revolution.
121
How many men were in the Catholic army that marched south in the Northern Rebellion?
4600
122
In what year and period did James Simpson discover the anaesthetic properties of chloroform?
1847 - industrial
123
Why were so many Puritans disappointed with Queen Elizabeth?
They thought that she was going to being about an end to all Catholic ways in England and were disappointed when the Elizabethan religious settlement did not.
124
What does the word Bolshevism mean?
Another name for Communism in Russia.
125
What are the three themes comprising the History of Medicine?
Disease and infection, surgery and anatomy, public health.
126
What sort of promises did the Nazis make to people before elections?
Solve Germany’s economic problems, provide strong leadership, ignore the Treaty of Versailles, build up the army, make Germany great again.
127
1When did Hitler join the Nazis?
1919
128
At her trial in October 1586, what was Mary, Queen of Scots' main argument in her defence?
That as a foreign queen and not an Englishwoman she could not be guilty of treason.
129
Who was appointed by Philip II as commander of the Spanish Armada?
The Duke of Medina-Sidonia
130
Who was Neville Chamberlain?
Prime Minister of Britain 1937-40.
131
Why was Democracy a problem for the Kaiser in the early 1900s?
The Kaiser's right wing friends were declining in influence. Left wing parties (concerned with workers rights) were growing.
132
How did the weather help defeat the Spanish Armada?
Storms battered the ships off the Scottish and Irish coasts, many were wrecked.
133
What military forces was Germany allowed in the Treaty of Versailles?
Only 6 ships in the navy and no submarines. Only 100,000 soldiers in the army, conscription not allowed and no tanks. No airforce allowed either.
134
When was the Reichstag fire?
February 1933
135
What was appeasement?
A British policy of giving Hitler a little of what he wanted in order to prevent a war.
136
Why was Mary, Queen of Scots still a threat to Elizabeth even after her execution in February 1586? (2 reasons)
1. She had become a martyr (someone who dies for their beliefs) to the Catholic cause in England. 2. Elizabeth in agreeing to the execution had demonstrated that it was okay to kill a queen, this might encourage some of her enemies.
137
In what country would you have found the Sudetenland?
Czechoslovakia
138
What happened in a Privy Council meeting in 1598 at which Essex was present?
He had an argument with the Queen, turned her back on him, she hit him, he almost drew his sword to retaliate. He was put under house arrest but there was no further punishment.
139
Which Catholic plot against Elizabeth was the Earl of Susses connected to?
The Northern Rebellion. He raised an army and helped to beat the rebels.
140
Who were George Grosz, Otto Dix and Fritz Lang?
Artists and film directors whose work typified the divided nature of Weimar society in the late 1920s: half decadent and indulgent, half poor and resentful.
141
What did Germany and Italy agree in the Rome-Berlin Axis?
They agreed that they would work more closely together in the future.
142
What happened in 1923 to change Hitler and the Nazis approach?
The Nazis were unsuccessful with the violent approach they had used in the Munich putsch and Hitler ended up in prison.
143
Which Catholic plot against Elizabeth was Northumberland connected to?
The Northern Rebellion
144
What worried the British government during recruitment for the Boer War in 1899?
40 out of every 100 volunteers were unfit for military service.
145
Who was blamed for the fire and how did this help the Nazis?
A Dutch Communist named Van der Lubbe. This helped the Nazis because it made the Communists less powerful and gave Hitler Emergency powers which ment people could be arrested and detained without charge.
146
What was developed during WW1 that improved surgery?
X-ray machines
147
How did the Kasier try to solve the problem of socialism?
Social reforms were introduced eg 1889 old age pensions plus sickness and accident insurance schemes.
148
What was Dollfuss' view of Anschluss?
He was opposed to it.
149
What are Jesuits?
A group within Catholicism whose aim is to spread the religion
150
How many followers did Essex have with him on his march to London?
200.
151
Who in Elizabeth's government was a Puritan?
Robert Dudley and Francis Walsingham.
152
In what year and period did Fleming discover penicllin?
1928 - twentieth century
153
When during the Egyptian period was the library at Alexandria opened?
It wasn’t. It was built in the Greek period.
154
What was the military impact of the Kaiser's naval laws?
Encouraged war.
155
Why did fear of Communism make many moderate Germans vote for the Nazis?
People who wouldn’t normally vote for the Nazis decided they’d rather have them in charge than the Communists who would take their money and possessions.
156
Who was Stressemann, when was he around?
Chancellor of Germany in 1923.
157
What were Puritans?
Extreme Protestants who were unable to compromise and accept alternative religions and churches.
158
Who was Engleburt Dollfuss?
Chancellor of Austria in the early 1930s.
159
What is an epidemic?
A disease which spreads widely, harms/kills lots of people and is very difficult to stop.
160
What and when was the ‘Red Rising’ in the Ruhr?
1920: A group of workers, led by Communists who were angry about pay and working conditions. They occupied the Ruhr region of Germany and took over its raw materials but were beaten by the German army and Friekorps/.
161
In what year did Christiaan Barnard perform the first heart transplant?
1967
162
What 'five giants' did William Beveridge want to beat in his report of 1942?
disease, want (need), ignorance, idleness, squalor (poor living conditions).
163
Which country did Germany and the USSR agree to divide between the in the Nazi-Soviet Pact?
Poland
164
Where was the Rhineland and what happened to it as part of the terms of the Treaty of Versailles?
A strip of land which was part of Germany on the French/German border. It was demilitarised.
165
In what year was the Throckmorton Plot?
1583
166
What does ‘Nazi’ stand for?
National Socialist German Worker’s party.
167
What were the three main problems facing the Kaiser in the early 1900s?
Industrialisation, socialism, democracy.
168
What is public health the story of?
The story of what the government in any time period did to improve the health of its people.
169
What was not allowed in the Rhineland and what was this called?
No troops, weapons or fortifications. This is called being demilitarised.
170
In what year did the Earl of Essex (Robert Devereux) lead a rebellion against Queen Elizabeth?
1601
171
What job was Essex given in January 1599?
Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.
172
What happened to Edmund Campion on 20th November 1581?
He was hanged, drawn and quartered.
173
What is a religious mission?
When somebody travels around to spread the ideas of their religion.
174
How well did Essex get on with Queen Elizabeth through the early 1590s?
He was one of her favourites, a potential suitor, she gave him the monopoly of sweet wine which made him very rich and he had military successes against the Spanish in 1596.
175
Which war is McIndoe linked to?
WW2
176
How successful was Essex in his duties as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland?
He did not defeat the Irish rebels, instead he made a truce with them. This was completely against the Queen's orders.
177
Had Hitler always wanted war with Britain?
No, he suggested a 25 year non-aggression pact in 1936, but Britain refused.
178
How did Sir Francis Drake and Sir John Hawkins help to cause the Spanish Armada?
They had spent years attacking Spanish ships and ports and stealing their treasures (all of this was acting on Elizabeth's orders). The most famous example of this was when Drake destroyed many Spanish ships at Cadiz in 1587 ("Singeing the King of Spain's beard".).
179
When did Germany invade Poland?
1st September 1939.
180
What did Pope Pious V issue in 1570
A papal bull called 'Regnans in Excelsis' which called on all good Catholics to remove Elizabeth from power.
181
Why did some Puritans have such a problem with the surplice?
It was a white gown that bishops in the Church of England wore; Puritans preferred to dress in black.
182
Who was Joseph Stalin?
Dictator of the Communist USSR.
183
What do the words Mein Kampf mean?
Book written by Hitler, title means 'My struggle'
184
What are two men with surnames Chain and Florey famous for?
Developing the work of Fleming on penicillin and antibiotics
185
What and when was the Munich putsch?
1923, Hitler and the Nazis first attempt to take power in Germany by capturing the government with their SA troops in Munich. Beaten by the police and the army following which Hitler was sent to prison.
186
What was the financial impact of the Kaiser's naval laws?
They were very expensive and by 1914 Germany was 5 billion marks in debt.
187
What was the intended aim of the Babington plot?
To murder Elizabeth and place Mary, Queen of Scots on the throne.
188
What worried the British government during recruitment for the Boer War in 1899?
40 out of every 100 volunteers were unfit for military service.
189
When was the 'Regnans in Excelsis' issued and by who?
1570 by Pope Pious V.
190
How did the Nazi-Soviet Pact push Britain closer to war?
Britain promised Poland that if Hitler invaded, they would declare war on Germany.
191
In what month and year and was the Paris Peace conference?
Jan 1919
192
In what year was the Dollfus affair?
1934
193
What entered the Rhineland on 7th March 1936?
German troops under orders to retreat if they met any resistance.
194
How did Spanish mistakes help defeat the Spanish Armada?
Spanish ships were slow and less manoeuvrable. There was delay in loading troops from the Netherlands. The cannons and cannonballs on board many of the ships were the wrong type for sea-battles, they were intended for land battles once the troops arrived in England.
195
What messages did Nazi propaganda give voters in 1932?
That Hitler was their last hope and that only the Nazis could save Germany from economic turmoil.
196
Why did many of Essex's followers suddenly abandon him on his march to London?
They had found out that Robert Cecil had labelled Essex a traitor.
197
What is a fun and memorable poem for remembering the first letter of each of the time periods (in the right order)?
People Eat Green Rolos During Rows In Turkey
198
What do the Northern rebellion, the Ridolfi plot, the Throckorton Plot and the Babington Plot all have in common?
They were all Catholic plots against Queen Elizabeth.
199
When did Hitler become Chancellor of Germany?
January 1933.
200
What role did Von Papen, Von schleicher and President Hindenburg play in Hitler’s becoming Chancellor?
Political deals! Von papen was unsuccessful as Chancellor so was sacked by Hindenburg who replaced him with Von Schleicher. Schleicher also had little success with the Nazi dominated Reichstag. Meanwhile, von Papen wanted his revenge on von Schleicher so made a deal with Hitler who become a ‘puppet’ chancellor to be controlled by Hindenburg and him as vice-chancellor.
201
What did Hitler demand at the League of Nations Disarmament conference in 1933?
That other countries (not just Germany) disarm. Then that Germany be allowed to have the same sized army as France.
202
What were the 2 religious reasons why there was conflict between England and Spain?
1. The Pope had called for all Catholics to challenge Elizabeth in 1570. 2. England was Protestant and Spain was Catholic.
203
What did Mussolini do as a result of Telini and his men being murdered in 1923?
Blamed Greece and invaded the island of Corfu.
204
In what year did Louis Pasteur discover germs?
1861
205
In the Throckmorton Plot, what was planned to happen once Elizabeth had been killed?
An uprising of English Catholics, a French invasion led by Henry, Duke of Guise and Mary, Queen of Scots being crowned Queen.
206
When did Louis Pasteur publish Germ Theory?
1861
207
What does RUT have to do with Hitler's foreign policy aims for Germany?
R = rearm U = unite T = territory
208
What was the Saar and what happened to it in the Treaty of Versailles?
An important industrial area of Germany. It was put under the control of the League of Nations for 15 years.
209
Why was Anschluss not achieved in 1934?
The Austrian Army supported the (anti-Nazi) government plus Mussolini moved Italian troops to the Austrian border and threatened to invade if Hitler didn't back off.
210
What is surgery and anatomy the story of?
The story of people's knowledge through History of the human body plus how operations have changed and improved over time.
211
What is disease and infection the story of?
The story of what people throughout History believed made them unwell and how they tried to treat illnesses.
212
What social reforms that helped improve public health did the Liberal government in Britain introduce in 1906?
Free school meals for poor children, free medical check and free treatment.
213
What was Edmund Campion disguised as at the start of his religious mission?
A jewel merchant.
214
What and when was the Kapp putsch?
1920, Friekorps leader Wolfgang Kapp unsuccessfully tried to seize control from the Weimar government in Berlin. Workers in Berlin refused to accept this and went on strike, causing Kapp to flee.
215
How many people were unemployed in Germany by 1932?
6 million.
216
How many Austrians voted in favour of Anschluss in the April 1938 plebiscite?
99%
217
What are the three themes comprising the History of Medicine?
Disease and infection, surgery and anatomy, public health.
218
How was the Weimar constitution organised?
President – Chancellor – Reichstag (German parliament) – people.
219
What connected the Saar and the League of Nations?
The Saar had been given to the the League of Nations for 15 years as a result of the Treaty of Versailles. This was due to expire in 1935.
220
What was Article 48?
Said that in an emergency the President could make laws without the Reichstag.
