GI

Question 0

The intramural plexus is associated with

Answer 0

Parasympathetic division of ANS

Question 1

The thick connective tissue layer of the digestive tract that contains blood vessels, small glands, and a nerve plexus is the

Answer 1

Submucosa

Question 2

Except the upper esophagus and stomach, the muscularis layer of digestive tract consists of

Answer 2

2 layers of smooth muscle

Question 3

The mesentery that connects the greater curvature of the stomach to the transverse colon and posterior body wall is the

Answer 3

greater omentum

Question 4

All of these are retroperitoneal organs EXCEPT the:
	A)	duodenum.
	B)	kidneys.
	C)	rectum
	D)	stomach.

E)	urinary bladder.

Answer 4

stomach

Question 5

The muscles responsible for protruding and retracting the tongue, moving it from side to side and changing its shape are the

Answer 5

extrinsic tongue muscles

Question 6

The frenulum is part of the

Answer 6

tongue

Question 7

Adults normally have __________ permanent teeth; children have __________ deciduous teeth.

Answer 7

32, 20

Question 8

Parietal cells in the stomach secrete

Answer 8

HCl acid and intrinsic factors

Question 9

Large mucosal folds formed when the stomach is empty are called

Answer 9

rugae

Question 10

Which of these cells is correctly matched with its function?
A) absorptive cells-produce digestive enzymes
B) endocrine cells-produce regulatory hormones
C) goblet cells-produce protective mucus
D) duodenal glands-produce protective mucus
E) all of these are correct

Answer 10

all of the above

Question 11

The most nutrient absorption takes place in the

Answer 11

duodenum and jejunum

Question 12

All of these are functions of the liver EXCEPT:
A) biotransformation of molecules.
B) production of digestive enzymes.
C) storage of glycogen, fat, vitamins, and iron.
D) synthesis of bile.
E) synthesis of blood components.

Answer 12

B

Question 13

The greatest amount of stomach secretion takes place during the

Answer 13

gastric phase

Question 14

gastric secretion is stimulated by

Answer 14

duodenal pH greater than 3

Question 15

this process is described as chyme moving from the stomach into the small intestine.

Answer 15

pyloric pump

Question 16

inhibits secretion and motility of stomach

Answer 16

enterogastric reflex

Question 17

Which of these conditions causes inhibition of gastric secretion?
A) hypotonic or hypertonic solution in the duodenum
B) distention of the duodenal wall
C) pH less than 2 in the duodenum
D) fats in the duodenum
E) all of these

Answer 17

all of the above

Question 18

Duodenal gland secretion is stimulated by

Answer 18

chemical or tactile stimulation

Question 19

The __________ secretes peptidases and disaccharidases, whereas the __________ secretes trypsin, chymotrypsin, amylase, lipase, and nucleases.

Answer 19

small intestine, pancreas

Question 20

What GI hormone causes contraction of gall bladder

Answer 20

Cholecystokinin (CCK)

Question 21

All of these occur in the large intestine EXCEPT:
A) large numbers of bacteria utilize undigested food.
B) fatty acids are absorbed.
C) vitamin K is produced.
D) sodium and water are absorbed.
E) mucus is produced.

Answer 21

B

Question 22

Arrange these events in the order in which they occur during fat digestion, absorption, and transport:

1. chylomicrons enter lacteals
2. triglycerides, phospholipids and cholesterol coated with protein
3. fatty acids and glycerol packaged into micelles
4. bile salts emulsify fats
5. lipase digests fat

Answer 22

45321

Question 23

A major transport lipoprotein that has 92% lipid and 8% protein is a(n)

Answer 23

VLDL

Question 24

Activation of which of the following is normally associated with contraction of the smooth muscle of the gastrinointestinal tract?

Answer 24

Myenteric plexus

Question 25

The true about slow-wave electrical potentials in gastrointestinal smooth muscle is

Answer 25

They are changes in the resting membrane varying tbwn 5 and 15 mv

Question 26

Which would most likely decrease the number of spike potentials generated in the GI smoothmuscle?

Answer 26

sympathetic stimulation

Question 27

the basic process of digestion

Answer 27

hydrolysis

Question 28

What food substances is chewing essential for digestion?

Answer 28

fruits and vegetables

Question 29

What is the main digestible carbohydrate normally consumed in the human diet?

Answer 29

starch

Question 30

A patient with trigeminal neurapraxia (temporary segmental demyelination of the trigeminal nerve leading to conduction difficulties) would have the greatest difficulty with?

Answer 30

chewing

Question 31

During what stage of swallowing is respiration inhibited?

Answer 31

pharyngeal stage

Question 32

inhibition of myenteric plexus leads to

Answer 32

decrease of motility

Question 33

what substances that can inhibit small intestinal motility

Answer 33

secretin

Question 34

it decreases blood flow to the villi of small intestine

Answer 34

norepinephrine