GI Flashcards
(47 cards)
What to give when steriods & azathioprine not working in Chrons?
anti-TNF agents, such as infliximab
Testing for anti–tissue transglutaminase (tTG) IgA antibody?
Celiac dx symptoms (diarrhea, bloating, weight loss)
Tx for acute variceal bleeding?
combination of a vasoactive agent (octreotide for 2-5 days) and endoscopic variceal ligation.
Pt with ITP, but negative for HIV, Hep B/C? What should you test?
H. pylori => c-urea breath test
How often to repeat LFT & Hep B DNA in immune control phase: Hbsag + & Anti-Hbe?
6-12 months bc of risk of re-activation
How is a pancreatic pseudocyst managed in an asymptomatic patient?
Reassurance and clinical monitoring; no drainage is required unless the cyst causes significant symptoms or becomes infected, regardless of size.
Tx for microscopic colitis?
Budesonide
Treat severe ileocolonic Crohn disease.
Combination therapy with infliximab and azathioprine is more effective than monotherapy with either agent alone for maintaining remission & mucosal healing.
Initial management of pancreatitis?
Moderate fluid resuscitation, analgesics, and antiemetics.
What is the recommended colonoscopy surveillance interval for patients with ≤10 tubular adenomas <10 mm?
Every 3 years
What precautions are necessary before initiating ozanimod for ulcerative colitis?
EKG, contraindicated in patients with cardiovascular disorders and heart block, unless they have a pacemaker.
Complications of bariatric surgery?
Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth: abdominal discomfort, flatulence, gas, distention, bloating, and diarrhea.
When should colorectal cancer (CRC) screening begin for a patient with a first-degree relative diagnosed before age 60?
Begin colonoscopy at age 40 or 10 years earlier than the age of the youngest affected relative—whichever comes first.
How to treat pts on NSAID’s for pain but have an ulcer?
Celecoxib (cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor) & PPI
How to treat mild ulcerative colitis?
Oral and enema mesalamine
How do you evaluate for reinfection in a patient successfully treated for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection?
Use HCV RNA testing to assess for reinfection.
How is advanced fibrosis evaluated in patients with metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD)?
Low score → Low risk; manage with weight loss and lifestyle changes
Indeterminate/high score → Perform liver stiffness measurement with transient elastography to assess need for subspecialty referral
How should nondysplastic Barrett esophagus be managed based on segment length?
For segments ≥ 3 cm: Perform endoscopic surveillance every 3 years
For segments < 3 cm: Perform endoscopic surveillance every 5 years
What are complications of cirrhosis, and how common is ascites due to portal hypertension?
Ascites, SBP, Hepatorenal syndrome
What should be done before performing a ¹³C-urea breath test to evaluate H. pylori eradication?
Proton pump inhibitors should be discontinued for at least 1 to 2 weeks before testing.
How is acute, uncomplicated left-sided diverticulitis treated in immunocompetent patients?
With a liquid diet alone; antibiotics are not routinely required.
How is mild, nonbloody travelers’ diarrhea treated?
With hydration, bismuth, and loperamide for symptom relief; antibiotics are not routinely needed and are reserved for moderate to severe symptoms.
How is eosinophilic gastritis evaluated after ruling out secondary causes of eosinophilia?
Perform allergy testing to identify food triggers that should be avoided.
What tests should be ordered to evaluate a patient with suspected IBS-D to exclude other causes?
Stool testing for giardiasis
Testing for celiac disease
Fecal calprotectin to evaluate for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
