GI Flashcards
(24 cards)
IBD Drugs
- Corticosteroids & Glucocorticoids
- Aminosalicylates
- Anti-Metabolites
- Biologics
What are the Corticosteroids & Glucocorticoids?
Prednisone/-nisolone
Budenoside
*What are the Aminosalicylates?
Mesalamine, Sulfasalazine
*What are the Anti-Metabolite to tx IBD?
What is it?
Azathioprine
- purine analog… i.nhibits purine syn. and DNA replication
What are the Biologics?
What does {-mab] stand for?
Monoclonal Abs (MAbs): Infliximab (remicade) & Adalimumab (humira) - mab = monoclonal Ab
Monoclonal Abs target what?
TNF-alpha
*Human mAb used for IBD:
Adalimumab (humira)
Chimeric mAb used for IBD:
Infliximab (remicade)
*What does Azathioprine turn into?
What are the interactions?
it’s a prodrug —> 6-mercaptopurine
- w ethanol - think LR - metabolism
Promethazine is used for what?
Nausea
- dopamine D2 antagonist
What is the serotonin 5HT3 antagonist used to tx nausea?
Ondansetron
[-setron] - serotonin
What are the 2 dopamine D2 -Receptor antagonists used to Tx NAUSEA?
Metoclopramide, Promethazine
promethazine just seems to be stronger and also has anti-histamine and anti-muscarinic effects
*Magnesium Hydroxide, also called ______, is what type of drug and used to tx what?
side effect?
Milk of Magnesia
- antacid for GERD
- ADR: side effect
H2RA suffix
tx?
- TIDINE
- think H = acid, so treat acid reflux
- altho, “histamine R atagonist” on parietal cells
PPI suffix
tx?
-PRAZOLE
proton pump inhibitors on parietal cell (luminal side) … irreversible.
tx GERD
*Gas-X drug name?
- MOA
- absorbed?
- interactions
What else can tx GAS?
SIMETHICONE - inert silicone polymer - reduces surface tension of bubbles - not absorbed - interactions: levothyroxine other Gas Tx: alpha, galactosidase, activated charcoal, lactase enzyme
Sulfasalazine tx side effect ADR's MOA
is an AMINOSALICYLATE
(see SALA in name)
prodrug of MESALAMINE (azo bond cleaved)
MOA: local anti-inflamm esp LKT
Side Effects: urine yellow orange (think sulfur)
ADR’s: *folate Xu (think F in name), HA, N, alopeica, anorexia, hemolytic anemia, hep, panc, male infert, etc.
Tx: *IBD!!
*Budesonide
tx:
MOA:
metabolism:
Tx: IBD, Asthma, COPD MOA: immunosuppression Metabolism. 90% 1st pass (capsules have delay release until pH is >5.5 in duod. for IBD) for IBD, max tx is 3 mo
*ADALIMUMAB tx moa c/i adrs
mu = human mab = monoclonal Ab TX: IBD MOA: anti-TNF-alpha - reduce inflamm. C/I: acute hep B, MS, active infx, etc. ADR's: *infusion-related rxns... can pre-medicate to avoid w ex. tylenol
*AZATHIOPRINE becomes what? MOA TX interactions
aza = N prine = purine thio = replace O ANTI-METABOLITE or purine analog ---> 6-mercaptopurine MOA: inhibits purine syn and dna rep TX: IBD Interactions: ethanol onset 1-3 mo
*METOCLOPRAMIDE
tx
moa
adrs
opramide = think dopamine = think pyramid-al effects
dopamine = think dope a person up so they aren’t nauseous
tx: nausea
moa: antagonizes dopamine R and @ high doses blocks serotonin R in brain
ADR’s: extrapyramidal effects dt dopamine suppression (parkinson’s like sxs)
*BISACODYL tx moa adr onset
think "piss off your colon" bis a col STIMULANT LAXATIVE tx constipation *avoid w bowel obstruction adr: electrolyte disturbance onset: 10-12 hrs (mb longer than senna) interactions: jalap, oleander
*DOCUSATE other name tx onset moa
doc = dookie; sate = satiate it to soften
STOOL SOFTENER
aka Colace
SODIUM VERSION vs calcium
tx constipation
onset: 12-72 hrs.. or *rectally 2-15min
moa: enhance incorp. of water and fat into stool
Opiate-like drugs are used to tx?
Diarrhea
LOPERAMIDE (immodium), DIPHENOXYLATE & ATROPINE (lomotil)
