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ANCC Boards Review > GI > Flashcards

GI Flashcards

1
Q

57 year old female presents with LLQ pain

A

Diverticulitis

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2
Q

200 pound latina, lunch at KFC. Presents to office with RUQ pain

A

Gall bladder

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3
Q

21 year old male with worst peri-umbilical pain of his life

A

appendicitis

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4
Q

Rigid abdomen…

A

MOVE… consult surgery

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5
Q

PUD causes

A

H. pylori
NSAID/ASA
stress
smoker

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6
Q

Duodenal ulcers are more common in what age group

A

30-55

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7
Q

Gastric ulcers are more common in ages

A

55-65

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8
Q

Which type of ulcer feels better after eating?

A

Duodenal

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9
Q

Which type of ulcer gets WORSE after eating?

A

Gastric

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10
Q

Complications of Peptic Ulcer Disease.

A

20% GI bleed

5-10% Perf bowel

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11
Q

GI bleed

S/s

A

Melena
Hematemesis
Coffee-ground emesis

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12
Q

Melena

A

Black tarry stool

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13
Q

Hematemesis

A

Vomiting bright red blood

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14
Q

PUD - s/s

A

Gnawing epigastric pain
Relief w/ food - duo
Worse w/ food - gastric

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15
Q

PUD labs/diagnostics

A

H. pylori testing
CBC - anemia
Endoscopy after 8-12 weeks of treatment

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16
Q

PUD - H2 blockers

A

Initial dose is 1 time daily
- tidine
Increase to BID

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17
Q

PUD - PPI

A

30 minutes before meals

-azole

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18
Q

Coffee ground emesis

A

at least at duodenum

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19
Q

Perforation

A

Hole in lumen of bowel

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20
Q

Causes of perforation

A

PUD
Ruptured diverticulum
Appendicitis

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21
Q

PUD - stepwise approach

A

H2 blocker once daily

  • H2 blocker BID
  • -PPI daily in AM
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22
Q

Mucosal Protective Agents

A

Sucralfate
Bismuth subsalicylate
Misoprostol
Antacids - mylanta

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23
Q

Misoprostol (cytotec)

A

Prophylaxis against NSAID induced ulcers

  • can stimulate uterine contractions
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24
Q

H. Pylori - Eradication Therapy

PPI + 2 antibiotics

A

2 antibiotics and a PPI
MOC
AOC
MOA

25
MOC - H.Pylori eradication
Metronidazole Omeprazole Clarithromycin
26
AOC - H. Pylori eradication
Amoxicillin Omeprazole Clarithromycin
27
MOA - H. Pylori eradication
Metronidazole Omepraozle Amoxicillin
28
Bismuth regimens - | BMT for H. Pylori eradication
4 times a day makes it less attractive Bismuth Metronidazole Tetracycline
29
Bismuth regimens - | BMT + PPI for H. Pylori eradication
Bismuth Metronidazole Tetracycline Omeprazole
30
PUD - bleeding | Initial management
``` CBC, BMP, PT/PTT Endoscopy Upright films - to r/o free air IV H2 blockers NPO ```
31
Bowel sounds with perforation
Quiet rigid rebound tenderness
32
Bowel sounds with obstruction
High pitched tinkling
33
Hepatitis A
Oral - fecal - - contamination - - hurricanes - - Mexico - - oral sex
34
Hepatitis B
Every BODY fluid
35
Hepatitis C
Non-A, Non-B - - 50% are IV drug use - - leading cause of transplant
36
Hepatitis viral subtypes
A, B, C, D, E, G
37
Pre-icteric stage
Acute hepatitis Anorexia Fatigue Malaise aversion to smoking/alcohol
38
Icteric stage
Acute hepatitis ``` Fluorescent yellow Clay colored stool Wt loss Dark urine Low grade fever Hepatosplenomegaly ```
39
Anti-HAV, IgG
recovered Hepatitis A exposure
40
Anti-HAV, IgM
Current Hepatitis A virus
41
Worker goes to Miami, sex worker encounter. 2 weeks later florescent yellow.
Hepatitis B HBsAg
42
HBsAg
Hepatitis
43
HBeAg
Viremia
44
Active Hep B
HBsAg HBeAg Anti-HBc IgM
45
Anti-HBe
Decreased infectivity
46
Active Hep B
HBsAg HBeAg Anti-HBc IgM
47
Chronic Hep B
``` HBsAg Anti-HBc Anti-HBe IgM IgG ```
48
Recovered Hep B
Anti-HBc | Anti-HBsAg
49
Anti-HBc | Anti-HBsAg
Recovered Hep B
50
``` HBsAg Anti-HBc Anti-HBe IgM IgG ```
Chronic Hep B
51
HBsAg HBeAg Anti-HBc IgM
Active Hep B
52
Hep C serology
Anti-HCV, HCV RNA PCR to determine acute versus chronic
53
Hepatitis Mangement
``` Increase fluids - 3-4,000L Avoid alcohol No protein - ammonia Serax - oxazepam Vitamin K - PT > 15 sec Lactulose - > ammonia ```
54
Diverticulosis
LLQ disease | Low fiber
55
Diverticulosis
Constipation/loose stools N/V Low grade fever LLQ tenderness
56
Fair, fat, female - RUQ pain
Cholecystitis
57
Murphy's sign
Right rib cage pressure, elicits
58
Pancreatitis - causes
Heavy alcohol use HLD Hypercalcemia Meds - long time lasix users

ANCC Boards Review (9 decks)

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