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Anatomy & Physio & Pathology CHE PTO2 > GI A&P > Flashcards

GI A&P Flashcards

A&P Revision (46 cards)

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1
Q

What are the parts of the Upper GI Tract?

A

Oral cavity
Pharynx (oropharynx, laryngopharynx)
Esophagus

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2
Q

What does the GI Tract include?

A

Oral cavity
Pharynx
Esophagus
Stomach
Small Intestine
Large intestine
Anus

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3
Q

What are the parts of the Lower GI Tract?

A

Cecum
Appendix
Colon
Rectum
Anal canal
Anus

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4
Q

What is the GI Tract?

A

A continuous hollow, muscular “tube” lined with specialized mucosa

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5
Q

What is the main role of the Upper GI Tract?

A

Defense (stomach acid), Digestion, Absorption.

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6
Q

What is the main role of the Lower GI Tract?

A

Defense (commensal bacteria),
Absorption (of H20 & electrolytes),
Excretion (of the formed stool).

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7
Q

Name the parts of the Digestive System

A

Salivary Glands, Mouth, Esophagus, Stomach, Gallbladder, Liver, Pancreas, Small Intestine, Large Intestine, Rectum, Anus

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8
Q

Name the Teeth in the Buccal Cavity (Mouth)

A

Central incisor, Lateral incisor, Cuspid (canine), First Premolar, (bicuspid), Second premolar (bicuspid), First molar, Second molar, Third molar (Wisdom tooth)

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9
Q

Where is the Parotid Salivary Gland?

A

In front of the ear

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10
Q

Where does the salivary duct open into?

A

The cheek

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11
Q

What role do the Teeth and Tongue play in digestion?

A

While the Teeth cut and grind food, the Tongue moves food during chewing and swallowing.

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12
Q

Where is the Sublingual Salivary Gland located?

A

Under the Tongue

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13
Q

Where is the Submandibular Salivary Gland located?

A

It lies deep in the mouth under the tongue, toward the neck.

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14
Q

Where is the Hyoid Bone?

A

It is a crescent-shaped bone at the front of the, below the lower jaw and above the thyroid cartilage.

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15
Q

What influences the rate of enzyme-catalyzed reactions?

A

Body Temperature

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16
Q

What is considered normal body temperature in an adult?

A

97.5 F (36.4 C) to 97.9 F (36.6 C)

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17
Q

What is neutral pH in the body?

A

7

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18
Q

The enzyme Pepsin is produced in the…

A

Stomach

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19
Q

Salivary amylase enzyme is produced in the…

20
Q

The enzyme Lipase is produced in the…

21
Q

The enzyme Lactase is produced in the…

Study These Flashcards
A

Small Intestine

22
Q

What is the substrate of Pepsin?

23
Q

What is the substrate of Salivary Amylase?

Study These Flashcards
A

Starch/Carbohydrates

24
Q

What is the Substrate of Lactase?

25
What is the product of Pepsin?
Polypeptides
26
What is the product of salivary amylase?
Maltose/Disaccharide
27
What is the product of Lipase?
Fatty Acids and Glycerol
28
What is the product of Lactase?
Glucose and Galactose
29
What are the phases of secretion of gastric juices?
Cephalic phase, Gastric phase, Intestinal phase
30
What are the parts of the Small Intestine?
Duodenum, Jejunum, Ileum
31
The Small Intestine is the site of what part of what Major part of digestion?
Chemical Digestion and Absorption
32
What organs include the Biliary System?
Liver, Bile Ducts, Gallbladder, Pancreas, Small Intestine (Duodenum)
33
What is the function of the Ileum?
Absorption of Nutrients
34
What is the Ileum?
The final section of the Small Intestine.
35
The Small Intestine is responsible for the movement of food via:
Peristalsis
36
The Small Intestine is responsible for secretion of Enzymes in:
intestinal juices
37
The Small Intestine is responsible for completion of digestion of:
Carbohydrates; Protein; Lipids
38
Peyer's Patches provide protection against:
Microbes
39
The Small Intestine is responsible for secretion of:
Cholecystokinin (CCK) and Secretin
40
The Large Intestine is how long?
5ft or 1.5m
41
Name the five parts of the Large Intestine:
1. Cecum, 2. Colon, 3. Rectum, 4. Anal canal, 5. Anus
42
The Function of the Large Intestine is:
Absorption (Water, Mineral ions, Vitamin K, some orthodox drugs); Movement of solid material; Storage of Feces
43
Name the four parts of the Colon:
1. Ascending Colon; 2. Transverse Colon; 3. Descending Colon; 4. Sigmoid Colon
44
Describe the Mass Movement of the Colon:
Strong peristaltic waves in the Transverse Colon force solid material into the Descending Colon then the Sigmoid Colon
45
Solid matter arrives in the Rectum from the Colon, forming Fecal Mass. What is contained in Fecal Mass?
Bile pigment Stercobilin produces color, 60-70% water, Fiber, Cells mucus
46
What two sphincters of the Anus are responsible for the voiding process?
Internal and External sphincters

Anatomy & Physio & Pathology CHE PTO2 (10 decks)

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