GI Block

Question 1

Glucose and galactose enter the epithelial cells by…

Answer 1

The SGLT 1 transporter
By secondary active transport
Na+ contratransport

Question 2

Fructose enters the cell by

Answer 2

Facilitated diffusion by the GLUT-5 transporter.
It cannot be absorbed against electrochemical gradient

Question 3

How does glucose, galactose and fructose exit the cell?

Answer 3

GLUT-2 transporter via facilitated diffusion

Question 4

Monosaccharides

Answer 4

Glucose, galactose, fructose

Question 5

How does monosaccharides enter the cell?

Answer 5

Simple diffusion

Question 6

Amylase

Answer 6

Hydrolyzes polysaccharides to disaccharides
Found in the mouth, stomach, small intestines

Question 7

Disaccharidase

Answer 7

Found n the brush border of the small intestine epithelial cells. Hydrolyzes disaccharides into monosaccharides.

Question 8

Maltase

Answer 8

Hydrolyzes maltose to 2 molecules of glucose.

Question 9

Lactase

Answer 9

Hydrolyzes lactose to glucose and galactose

Question 10

Sucrase

Answer 10

Hydrolyzes sucrose to fructose and glucose.

Question 11

Lactose intolerance

Answer 11

When a lactase deficiency causes failure to digest a carbohydrate, lactose to an absorbable form, glucose and galactose.

Lactose remains in the cell and holds water in the lumen causing diarrhea and cramping.

Gas due to fermentation of lactose methane and hydrogen gas.

Question 12

What begins digestion of protein in the stomach.

Answer 12

Pepsin a gastric protease from chief cell. It is no essential.

Question 13

Pancreatic protease

Answer 13

Continues protein digestion in the small intestines. They are considered essential enzymes.
Examples are trypsin, chymotrypsin elastase and carboxypeptidase A and B