GI Diagnostics

Question 1

Abdominal x-ray

Answer 1

Evaluated: Masses; tumors; strictures; obstructions

Teaching: Remove jewelry/belts; lie still

Question 2

Upper Gastrointestinal & Small Bowel series

Answer 2

Evaluated: Pharynx to duodenojejunal junction; continues through

Teaching: NPO 8 hrs prior; hold opoid analgesics/anticholinergics x24 hrs prior

Question 3

Barium enema

Answer 3

Evaluated: Lg. intestine obstruction; change in bowel pattern

Teaching: cl. liquid 12-24 hrs prior; NPO after MN; uses laxative such as GoLYTELY ?drink plenty of liquids after; stool white 24-72 hrs

Question 4

Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PCT)

Answer 4

Evaluated: Biliary duct system; uses dye; not diagnostic

Teaching: Laxative; NPO 24 hrs prior; check allergies to iodine/shellfish; bedrest after on R side

Question 5

CT of GI system

Answer 5

Evaluated: Tissue densities; with or without contrast

Teaching: Remove jewelry or metal; NPO 4 hrs if contrast used; lie still

Question 6

Endoscopy

Answer 6

Evaluated: Eval bleeding; ulceration; inflammation; masses; tumors; cancerous lesions

Teaching: Flexible scope; may take biopsy

Question 7

Esophogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)

Answer 7

Evaluated: Whole GI system

Teaching: NPO 6-8 hrs prior; uses conscious sedation; NPO until gag reflex returns

Question 8

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)

Answer 8

Evaluated: Liver; gallbladder; bile ducts; pancreas; looks for obstruction

Teaching: NPO 6-8 hrs prior; uses conscious sedation; NPO until gag reflex returns; remove dentures

Question 9

Small bowel capsule enteroscopy

Answer 9

Evaluated: Visualization of small intestine; eval GI bleeding

Teaching: H2O only 8-10 hrs; then NPO 2 hrs prior; swallow capsule; abd. belt with recorder; normal activity after swallow capsule

Question 10

Colonoscopy

Answer 10

Evaluated: Lg. bowel; eval chronic diarrhea or bleed

Teaching: Liquid 12-24 hrs; then NPO 6-8 hrs prior; GoLYTELY night before; after may feel cramping; flatus

Question 11

Proctosigmoidoscopy

Answer 11

Evaluated: Rectum & sigmoid colon; screen for colon CA; GI bleed; IBD

Teaching: Liquid 24 hrs prior; enema/laxative; no sedation; after may feel cramping; flatus; small amt blood if biopsy done

Question 12

Gastric analysis

Answer 12

Evaluated: Measures hydrochloric acid & pepsin

Teaching: NPO 12 hrs prior; avoid alcohol; tobacco; GI meds 24 hrs prior; NG inserted

Question 13

Ultrasonography

Answer 13

Evaluated: Image soft tissues -liver; spleen; pancreas; gallbladder; biliary system

Teaching: Drink 1-2 L fluid - need bladder full