GI Disorders Flashcards
What is a failure of the lower esophageal sphincter to relax, regurgitation?
Achalasia
What is protrusion of the stomach into the thorax?
Hiatal hernia
What is acid regurgitation causing inflammation of the lower esophagus?
GERD
What is metaplasia of esophageal cells into stomach cells caused by GERD?
Barrett’s esophagus
What is the most common type of esophageal cancer?
squamous cell carcinoma
What disease involves malabsorption due to gluten insensitivity?
Celiac’s disease
What is the number one cause of gallstones and is felt in the right upper quadrant in a fair, fat, female, in her 40s?
Cholecystitis
What is the formation of gallstones known as?
Cholelithiasis
What disease has a cobblestone ileum, diarrhea (not bloody), skip lesions, and non-caseous granuloma?
Chron’s disease
What is an outpouching of the intestine usually in the left lower quadrant?
Diverticula
What is difficulty swallowing known as?
Dysphagia
What is the most common cause of death in children worldwide due to dehydration from diarrhea?
Enteritis
What is the most common cause of bright red blood in stool?
Hemorrhoids
What disease has a loss of ganglia in the distal colon in a child with constipation in which may have an absence of the myenteric plexus?
Hirschsprung’s disease
What is telescoping of proximal bowel into a distal segment?
Intussesception
What is recurrent abdominal pain relieved by defecation?
IBS
What syndrome has a linear tear in the esophagus after dry heaves that cause hematemesis (vomiting blood) due to alcoholism?
Mallory-Weiss syndrome
What is outpouching of the distal ileum also known as a remnant of the vitaline duct found in 2% of the population (Rule of 2s)?
Mickel’s diverticulum
What is characterized by polyps in the entire GI tract?
Peutz-Jegher syndrome
What is known as fat in the stool?
Steatosis
What is known as bloody diarrhea and left-sided abdominal pain in a young female?
Ulcerative colitis
What is known as outpouching of the pharynx?
Zenker’s diverticulum
What is malnutrition caused by a severely inadequate amount of protein in the diet?
Kwashiorkor
What is severe undernourishment of calories causing an infant’s or child’s weight to be significantly low for their age?
Marasmus
