GI Disorders of lower tract

Question 1

Increase frequency, amount, and water content of stool

Answer 1

Diarrhea

Question 2

Increased fluid secretion/ decreased fluid absoption/ alteration in GI peristalsis are causes of?

Answer 2

Diarrhea

Question 3

Self-limiting, viral or bacterial, or due to meds, will have cramping, fever, blood stool

Answer 3

Acute diarrhea

Question 4

Lasting longer than 4 weeks due to crohns or ulverative colitis?

Answer 4

Chronic diarrhea

Question 5

Infrequent passage of stools

Answer 5

Constipation

Question 6

Low-fiber diet, inadequeate physical activity are causes of?

Answer 6

Constipation

Question 7

Pain during bowel movement, inability to pass stool, hypoactive bowel sounds are manifesations of?

Answer 7

constipation

Question 8

Blockage of intestinal contents in intestine

Answer 8

Intestinal obstruction

Question 9

What causes abdominal distenstion in intestinal obstruction?

Answer 9

Serum electrolytes and protein increase

Question 10

Foreign body, tumors, hernia, adhesions are which type of intestinal obstruction causes?

Answer 10

Mechanical obstructions

Question 11

Neurologic impairment, infections, medications are which type of intestinal obstruction causes?

Answer 11

Functional obstructions

Question 12

Which complications are seen with intestinal obstructions?

Answer 12

Perforation, pH imbalances, fluid disturbances, shock, and death

Question 13

abdominal distension/ cramping, colicky pain, borborygmia, diaphoresis, tachycardia are manifesations of?

Answer 13

intestinal obstruction

Question 14

Inflammation of the vermiform appendix, most often caused by an infection

Answer 14

Appendicitis

Question 15

What causes ichemia, pressure increase that leads to rupture?

Answer 15

Local tissue edema, fluid/bacteria/pus builds inside appendix, blood vessels become compressed

Question 16

Which complications can be seen with appendicitis?

Answer 16

Abscesses, peritonitis, gangrene, and death

Question 17

Varying from asymptomatic to sudden and severe is a characteristic of wich disorder?

Answer 17

Appendicitis

Question 18

Sharp abdominal pain develops, gradually intensifies over 12-24 hours and becomes localized to lower right quadrant is a characteristic of which disorder?

Answer 18

Appendicitis

Question 19

What happens to appendix pain if the appendix ruptures?

Answer 19

Pain temporaily subsides if appendix ruptures and then pain returns and escalates

Question 20

Inflammation of the peritoneum

Answer 20

Peritonitis

Question 21

What causes peritonitis?

Answer 21

Chemical irritation (ruptured gallbladder), direct organism invasion

Question 22

Abdominal rigidity is a classic manifesation of?

Answer 22

Peritonitis

Question 23

Inherited, autoimmune, malabsoption disorder

Answer 23

Celiac disease

Question 24

What does celiac result from?

Answer 24

Defect in the intestinal enzymes that prevents further digestion of gliadin

Question 25

What causes impaired nutrient absoption in celiac?

Answer 25

Intestinal villi atrophy and flatten, resulting in decreased enzyme production and making less surface area

Question 26

What are the manifesations of celiac?

Answer 26

Abdominal pain/ distenstion, bloating, gas, indigestion, weight loss

Question 27

Chronic inflammation of the GI tract, usually the intestines

Answer 27

Inflammatory bowel disease

Question 28

Insidious, slow-developing, progessive type of inflammatory bowel disease

Answer 28

Crohn's disease

Question 29

What are skip lesions?

Answer 29

Ulcerations

Question 30

What is the appearance of the intestinal wall in Crohn's disease?

Answer 30

Thick rigid intestinal wall, lumen is narrowed, cobblestone appearance

Question 31

what happens to the intestinal wall during inflammatory bowel disease?

Answer 31

It loses the ability to digest and absorb

Question 32

Progressive condition of the rectum and colon mucosa

Answer 32

The second type of inflammatory bowel disease: ulcerative colitis

Question 33

What causes ulcerative colitis?

Answer 33

Inflammation triggered by T-call accumulation in the colon mucosa causes epithelium loss, suface erosion, and ulceration that begins in the rectum and extends to the entire colon

Question 34

What is the most obvious sign of ulcerative colitis?

Answer 34

Diarrhea 20x a day

Question 35

Chronic, noninflammatory GI condition associated with stress

Answer 35

Irritable bowel syndrome

Question 36

What causes IBS?

Answer 36

Alterations in bowel pattern and abdominal pain not explained by structural or biochemical abnormalities

Question 37

Does IBS cause permanent intestinal damage?

Answer 37

No

Question 38

Who is IBS more seen in?

Answer 38

women

Question 39

Intolerance to gas forming foods is a manifesation of?

Answer 39

IBS

Question 40

Outwardly bulging pouches of the intestinal wall that occue when mucosa sections or large intestine submucosa laters herniate through a weakened muscular layer

Answer 40

Diverticula

Question 41

Asymptomatic diverticular disease, multiple diverticula present

Answer 41

Diverticulosis

Question 42

Inflammation of diverticula

Answer 42

Diverticulitis

Question 43

Low fiber diet and poor bowel habits are causes of?

Answer 43

Diverticular disease

Question 44

Passing frank blood is a manifesation of?

Answer 44

Diverticular disease