GI drugs

Question 1

what drugs are H2 receptor antagonists

Answer 1

cimetidine and famotidine

Question 2

MOA of cimetidine and famotidine

Answer 2

Blocks H2 receptors in the stomach, reduces gastric acid secretion, increases stomach pH

Question 3

indications for cimetidine and famotidine

Answer 3

GERD, PUD, ulcer prophylaxis, heartburn/dyspepsia

Question 4

considerations for cimetidine

Answer 4

inhibits CYP450 - careful with warfarin, phenytoin, theophylline

Question 5

nursing consideration for famotidine

Answer 5

give iV slowly to avoid bradycardia

Question 6

what drugs are proton pump inhibitors

Answer 6

Omeprazole
Pantoprazole
Esomeprazole magnesium

Question 7

MOA of PPI

Answer 7

Binds to proton pump
Inhibits the hydrogen potassium ATPase enzyme system

Question 8

indications for PPIs

Answer 8

short term treatment of PUD and GERD

Question 9

PPI adverse reactions

Answer 9

short term: relatively safe
longer term: increased risk for pneumonia, bone loss/hip fx, stomach CA

Question 10

what drug is a mucosal protectant

Answer 10

sucralfate

Question 11

MOA of sucralfate

Answer 11

Alters when exposed to gastric acid
-sticky, thick gel –> protective barrier

Question 12

indication for sucralfate

Answer 12

duodenal ulcers, gastric ulcers

Question 13

adverse effects of sucralfate

Answer 13

well tolerated
constipation

Question 14

considerations for sucralfate

Answer 14

decreased drug absorption–> don’t take before other drugs
PO

Question 15

what are antacids used for

Answer 15

PUD, GERD, stress ulcers

Question 16

nursing considerations for antacids

Answer 16

chelation when taken with other drugs
-chelation: alter gastric absorption b/c chelate/connect
separate from other drugs by 1-2hr

Question 17

what drug is serotonin blocker

Answer 17

ondansetron (zofran)

Question 18

MOA for ondansetron

Answer 18

Blocks serotonin receptors in the trigger zone in the b rain and in the afferent vagal nerves in the stomach and small intestine

Question 19

indications for ondansetron

Answer 19

n/v

Question 20

ondansetron adverse effects

Answer 20

Mild: headache, diarrhea, dizziness
Serious: serotonin syndrome

Question 21

nursing considerations for ondansetron

Answer 21

Careful with SSRIs, SNRIs, TCAs, MAIs, buspirone, tramadol

Question 22

what drugs are antihistamines

Answer 22

dimenhydrinate (Dramamine)
meclizine
hydroxyzine

Question 23

MOA of antihistamines

Answer 23

Blocks the release of histamine H1 receptors in the inner ear

Question 24

indications for antihistamines

Answer 24

Dizziness and nausea
Antiemetic and antivertigo – motion sickness

Question 25

adverse effects of antihistamiens

Answer 25

sedation, drowsiness AND anticholinergic effects

Question 26

nursing considerations for antihistamines

Answer 26

fall risk