GI drugs

Question 1

What class of drug is Mylanta?

Answer 1

Antacid

Question 2

What is the slow-track mechanism of Mylanta?

Answer 2

aluminum hydroxide

Question 3

What is the fast-track mechanism of Mylanta?

Answer 3

magnesium hydroxide

Question 4

What is the effect of Mylanta?

Answer 4

Neutralizes HCl in stomach

Question 5

Which GI drug may have dangerous side effects from too much self administration?

Answer 5

Mylanta

Question 6

What two GI drugs are antacids?

Answer 6

Mylanta + TUMS

Question 7

What class of drug is TUMS?

Answer 7

antacid

Question 8

What is the mechanism of action for non-systemic antacids?

Answer 8

They are generally not absorbed, and they act locally.

Question 9

Overuse of TUMS may cause:

Answer 9

hypercalcemia, because TUMS contain calcium carbonate

Question 10

Overuse of aluminum hydroxide may cause:

Answer 10

hypophophatemia

Question 11

Overuse of what drug may cause hypercalcemia?

Answer 11

TUMS

Question 12

Overuse of what drug may cause hypophosphatemia?

Answer 12

Aluminum hydroxide

Question 13

Non-systemic antacids impairs acid-dependent absorption of drugs. What does this cause?

Answer 13

Rebound hyperacidity

Question 14

Name three mucosal protectants.

Answer 14

Sucralfate
Bismuth subsalicylate
Misoprostol

Question 15

Class of sucralfate?

Answer 15

Mucosal protectant

Question 16

Which mucosal protectant is a sucrose-sulfate complex?

Answer 16

Sucralfate

Question 17

Which drug reacts with stomach acid to polymerize?

Answer 17

Sucralfate

Question 18

Which drug protects the intestinal mucosa from breakdown from acid and pepsin?

Answer 18

Sucralfate

Question 19

Main action of sucralfate?

Answer 19

Protects mucosa from breakdown from acid and pepsin

Question 20

Sucralfate supresses growth of:

Answer 20

H. pylori

Question 21

What things does sucralfate bind to?

Answer 21

Selectively binds to ulcer
Binds proteins on cell surface
Binds to pepsin and bile salts

Question 22

Which drug binds to ulcers, proteins on cell surface, pepsin and bile salts?

Answer 22

Sulcrafate

Question 23

What activates sucralfate?

Answer 23

Stomach acid (pepsin)

Question 24

Class of bismuth subsalicylate?

Answer 24

Mucosal protectant

Question 25

In what way does bismuth subsalicylate protect the lining of the stomach?

Answer 25

Bactericidal

Question 26

Bismuth subsalicylate is an:

Answer 26

anti-inflammatory

Question 27

Which mucosal protectant is an anti-inflammatory?

Answer 27

Bismuth subsalicylate

Question 28

Why should you not take PeptoBismol for long periods of time?

Answer 28

Can cause black stools and toxicity

Question 29

Class of misoprostol?

Answer 29

Mucosal protectant

Question 30

Misoprostol mechanism of action?

Answer 30

Binds to prostaglandin receptors on parietal cells in the stomach

Question 31

Misoprostol is an ______________ of prostaglandin receptors.

Answer 31

Agonist

Question 32

Effects of misoprostal?

Answer 32

Reduces gastric acid secretions + increases mucus

Question 33

Why is misoprostal co-prescribed with NSAIDS?

Answer 33

They are preventative of the stomach ulcers that NSAIDS can cause.

Question 34

Which drugs is an H2 antihistamine?

Answer 34

Cimetidine

Question 35

Class of cimetidine?

Answer 35

H2 antagonist + antihistamine

Question 36

Effect of cimetidine?

Answer 36

Blocks acid secretion from parietal cells

Question 37

What does cimetidine inhibit? (Adverse effect)

Answer 37

Cytochrome P450

Question 38

Cimetidine causes an anti-androgenic effect called:

Answer 38

gynecomastia

Question 39

Which drug can result in gynecomastia?

Answer 39

Cimetidine

Question 40

What is gynecomastia?

Answer 40

"Man boobs"

Question 41

How do H2 receptor antagonists like Ranitidine, Famotidine, and Nizatidine differ from Cimetidine?

Answer 41

They lack the anti-androgenic effect, and they also do not inhibit cytochrome P450.

Question 42

Negative side effects of Cimetidine?

Answer 42

Inhibits cytochrome P450 + causes anti-adrenergic effects

Question 43

Besides Cimetidine, name three other H2 receptor antagonists that block acid secretion from parietal cells?

Answer 43

Famotidine Ranitidine Nizatidine

Question 44

Name all four H2 receptor antagonists.

Answer 44

Cimetidine Famotidine Ranitidine Nizatidine

Question 45

Class of Omeprazole?

Answer 45

Selective + irreversible proton pump inhibitor

Question 46

Mechanism of action of Omeprazole?

Answer 46

Inhibits the H+/K+/ATPase pump on cell membrane of gastric parietal cells, decreasing H+ secretion

Question 47

Omeprazole is considered a prodrug because it is:

Answer 47

only active at a low pH (high acid environment)

Question 48

Omeprazole is metabolized in the _____________ via ____________.

Answer 48

liver; cytochrome P450

Question 49

Besides Omeprazole, name three proton pump inhibitors.

Answer 49

Lansoprazole, Rabeprozole, Esomeprazole

Question 50

All proton pump inhibitors are:

Answer 50

prodrugs, only active at low pH.

Question 51

Proton pump inhibitors are effective against what types of bacteria?

Answer 51

H. pylori

Question 52

Class of drug of amoxicillin, carithromycin, metronidazole?

Answer 52

Antibiotics

Question 53

Effect of antibiotics in relationship to gastric issues?

Answer 53

Antibiotics can eliminate H. Pylori, a bacteria that causes stomach ulcers

Question 54

What type of drug is used in triple therapy with proton pump inhibitors?

Answer 54

Antibiotics

Question 55

Name three antibiotics used to eradicate H. Pylori in the gut.

Answer 55

Amoxicillin Carithromycin Metronidazole