GI Drugs Flashcards

(30 cards)

1
Q

What are the two classes in Gaviscon

A

Alginate

Antacid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Name two antacids

A

Aluminium hydroxide

Magnesium carbonate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the ADRs of aluminium and magnesium salts?

A

Magnesium - Diarrhoea

Aluminium - Constipation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the generic ADRs for Gaviscon?

A

GI
Renal failure
Hyperglycaemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What class of anti-inflammatory is used in UC?

A

Aminosalicylates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are two drugs used in UC?

A

Sulfasalazine

Mesasalizine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Name three ADRs of Aminosalicylates?

A

GI disturbance (N and Dyspepsia)
Leukopenia
Hypersensitivity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What classes of antagonist work on the Vestibular Nuclei in motion sickness?

A

Muscarinic receptor
H1 receptor
D2 receptor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Give examples of a muscarinic and three histaminergic receptor antagonists working on the vestibular nuclei.

A

M -Hyoscine hydrobromide

H - Cyclizine
Promethazine
Levomepromazine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Name two drugs recommended for morning sickness?

A

Promathezine

Prochlorperazine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What classes of anti-emetic works in the gut?

A

D2 Receptor antagonists

5HT-3 agonists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What D2 receptor antagonists are indicated in
GORD:
Breast feeding:

A

D2 Receptor Antagonists

GORD: Metroclopramide
Breast feeding: Domperidone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the main ADRs for gut-acting D2 antagonists?

A

Metroclopramide: Dystonia, Parkinsonism
Domperidone: Long QT, VT, Lactation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What anti-emetic drug class acts centrally?

A

D2 antagonists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Name 4 D2 antagonists that primarily act centrally

A

Central D2 antagonists (anti-psychotics)

Haloperidol

Chlorpromazine
Levomepromazine
Prochlorperazine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which two corticosteroids are indicated for emesis?

A

Dexamethasone

Meethylprednisolone

17
Q

Which anti-emetic class is an agonist of Substance P?

A

Neurokinin-1 receptor blockers

18
Q

Give three examples of neurokinin-1 receptor blockers

A

Neurokinin-1 receptor blockers:

Aprepitant
Fosaprepitant
Netupitant

19
Q

What are the first line options for Motion Sickness:

A

First line: Hyoscine hydrobromide (M antagonist)

Fewer ADRs: Cinnarizine

20
Q

Prokinetics indicated in GORD/Illeus?

A

D2 antagonists:
Domperidone
Metroclopramide

21
Q

What is the prescribing regime for Gut-related emesis?

A
  1. Ondansetron (Serotonin receptor agonist)
  2. Cyclizine (H1 receptor agonist- CI’d in children/elderly)
  3. Dexamethasone (C. steroid)
22
Q

What drugs are indicated in Hyperemesis gravidarum?

A
  1. Promethazine (H1)
    Prochlorperazine (D2)
  2. Add: Metroclopramide (D2)
    Ondansetron (5HT-3)
23
Q

What anti-emetics are indicated in chemotherapy?

A
  1. Low risk
    Dexamethasone
    P.r.n. Metroclopramide (D2)
  2. Moderate risk
    Dexamethasone
    Ondansetron (5HT-3)
    P.r.n Metroclopramide (D2)
3. High risk
Dexamethasone
Ondansetron (5HT-3)
Aprepitant (NK1)
P.r.n Metroclopramide
24
Q

Which anti-emetics are indicated post-operatively?

A
  1. Ondansetron (5HT-3)
    And/or Cyclizine (H1)
  2. Add Dexamethasone
25
Which three Mu receptor antagonists are indicated in diarrhoea?
Loperamide Codeine Morphine
26
What are the four major classes of laxative?
Osmotic Stimulant Bulk-forming Stool-softeners
27
Name three Osmotic laxatives
Lactulose Movicol Cosmocol
28
Name three stimulant laxative drugs?
Stimulant laxatives: Bisacodyl (sodium picosulphate) Senna (Codanthromer) Glycerin (Docusate sodium)
29
Name two bulk-forming laxatives
Medicinal fibres: Ispaghula husk Methylcellulose
30
Which stimulant laxative also functions as a stool softener?
Glycerin (docusate sodium)